Articles | Volume 12, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-581-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-581-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
04 Mar 2021
Research article |
| 04 Mar 2021
| 04 Mar 2021
Seismicity during and after stimulation of a 6.1 km deep enhanced geothermal system in Helsinki, Finland
Maria Leonhardt
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Sect. 4.2: Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany
Grzegorz Kwiatek
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Sect. 4.2: Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany
Patricia Martínez-Garzón
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Sect. 4.2: Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany
Marco Bohnhoff
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Sect. 4.2: Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany
Department of Earth Sciences, Free University of Berlin, Berlin,
Germany
Tero Saarno
St1 Deep Heat Oy, Helsinki, Finland
Pekka Heikkinen
St1 Deep Heat Oy, Helsinki, Finland
Department of
Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Georg Dresen
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Sect. 4.2: Geomechanics and Scientific Drilling, Potsdam, Germany
Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam,
Potsdam, Germany
Viewed
Total article views: 4,053 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 17 Sep 2020)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,587 | 1,369 | 97 | 4,053 | 439 | 119 | 162 |
- HTML: 2,587
- PDF: 1,369
- XML: 97
- Total: 4,053
- Supplement: 439
- BibTeX: 119
- EndNote: 162
Total article views: 3,261 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 04 Mar 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,156 | 1,018 | 87 | 3,261 | 248 | 113 | 153 |
- HTML: 2,156
- PDF: 1,018
- XML: 87
- Total: 3,261
- Supplement: 248
- BibTeX: 113
- EndNote: 153
Total article views: 792 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 17 Sep 2020)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 431 | 351 | 10 | 792 | 191 | 6 | 9 |
- HTML: 431
- PDF: 351
- XML: 10
- Total: 792
- Supplement: 191
- BibTeX: 6
- EndNote: 9
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,053 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,901 with geography defined
and 152 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,261 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,154 with geography defined
and 107 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 792 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 747 with geography defined
and 45 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forecasting induced seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems using machine learning: challenges and opportunities S. Karimpouli et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf155
- Numerical Simulations of Seismoacoustic Nuisance Patterns from an Induced M 1.8 Earthquake in the Helsinki, Southern Finland, Metropolitan Area L. Krenz et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220225
- Insights from Subsurface Monitoring for Engineering of the Stimulation Pattern in Fractured Reservoirs N. Gholizadeh Doonechaly et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-025-04525-5
- A Seismic Network to Monitor the 2020 EGS Stimulation in the Espoo/Helsinki Area, Southern Finland A. Rintamäki et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210195
- Geothermal Potential of Hot Dry Rock in South-East Baltic Basin Countries—A Review R. Moska et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041662
- Fluid injection-induced fault slip during unconventional energy development: A review W. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enrev.2022.100007
- Hydraulic stimulation strategies in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS): a review Y. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00516-w
- Audible acoustics from low-magnitude fluid-induced earthquakes in Finland O. Lamb et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98701-6
- Source Properties of the Induced ML 0.0–1.8 Earthquakes from Local Beamforming and Backprojection in the Helsinki Area, Southern Finland B. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240122
- Variability of Seismicity Rates and Maximum Magnitude for Adjacent Hydraulic Stimulations G. Kwiatek et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240043
- Limited Earthquake Interaction During a Geothermal Hydraulic Stimulation in Helsinki, Finland G. Kwiatek et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024354
- LN2 cryo-fracturing stimulation for future geothermal energy production from a depleted oil field: A case study of LN2 immersion in heated granite subsurface core specimens from Southwestern Kazakhstan S. Longinos et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137287
- Nonsystematic Rupture Directivity of Geothermal Energy Induced Microseismicity in Helsinki, Finland J. Holmgren et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB025226
- MaxMagMod: A Web-Based Application for Next Largest Magnitude Forecasting in Enhanced Geothermal Systems S. Karimpouli et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240468
- Seismic imaging of reservoir heterogeneity using a network with high station density at The Geysers geothermal reservoir, CA, USA R. Gritto et al. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2022-0490.1
- Fines migration poses challenge for reservoir-wide chemical stimulation of geothermal carbonate reservoirs J. Grifka et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119435
- Relative Focal Mechanism Inversion and Its Application to Ridgecrest Sequence W. Kuang et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210370
- Centroid Full Moment Tensor Patterns of Induced Mw 0.3–2.0 Earthquakes in the Fennoscandian Shield A. Rintamäki et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240124
- Review on heat extraction systems of hot dry rock: Classifications, benefits, limitations, research status and future prospects M. Qiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.114364
- Role of Natural Discontinuities in Fracture Propagation in Hot Dry Rock: Observations and Implications from the Field Injection Test J. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-04355-x
- Stress‐Based and Convolutional Forecasting of Injection‐Induced Seismicity: Application to the Otaniemi Geothermal Reservoir Stimulation T. Kim & J. Avouac https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024960
- Scaling P and S wave translational to array-derived rocking motions: An empirical estimation of local wave propagation direction and velocity in rock site conditions A. Sadeghi-Bagherabadi & G. Hillers https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109257
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Forecasting induced seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems using machine learning: challenges and opportunities S. Karimpouli et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf155
- Numerical Simulations of Seismoacoustic Nuisance Patterns from an Induced M 1.8 Earthquake in the Helsinki, Southern Finland, Metropolitan Area L. Krenz et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220225
- Insights from Subsurface Monitoring for Engineering of the Stimulation Pattern in Fractured Reservoirs N. Gholizadeh Doonechaly et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-025-04525-5
- A Seismic Network to Monitor the 2020 EGS Stimulation in the Espoo/Helsinki Area, Southern Finland A. Rintamäki et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210195
- Geothermal Potential of Hot Dry Rock in South-East Baltic Basin Countries—A Review R. Moska et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041662
- Fluid injection-induced fault slip during unconventional energy development: A review W. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enrev.2022.100007
- Hydraulic stimulation strategies in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS): a review Y. Jia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-022-00516-w
- Audible acoustics from low-magnitude fluid-induced earthquakes in Finland O. Lamb et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98701-6
- Source Properties of the Induced ML 0.0–1.8 Earthquakes from Local Beamforming and Backprojection in the Helsinki Area, Southern Finland B. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240122
- Variability of Seismicity Rates and Maximum Magnitude for Adjacent Hydraulic Stimulations G. Kwiatek et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240043
- Limited Earthquake Interaction During a Geothermal Hydraulic Stimulation in Helsinki, Finland G. Kwiatek et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024354
- LN2 cryo-fracturing stimulation for future geothermal energy production from a depleted oil field: A case study of LN2 immersion in heated granite subsurface core specimens from Southwestern Kazakhstan S. Longinos et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137287
- Nonsystematic Rupture Directivity of Geothermal Energy Induced Microseismicity in Helsinki, Finland J. Holmgren et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB025226
- MaxMagMod: A Web-Based Application for Next Largest Magnitude Forecasting in Enhanced Geothermal Systems S. Karimpouli et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240468
- Seismic imaging of reservoir heterogeneity using a network with high station density at The Geysers geothermal reservoir, CA, USA R. Gritto et al. https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2022-0490.1
- Fines migration poses challenge for reservoir-wide chemical stimulation of geothermal carbonate reservoirs J. Grifka et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119435
- Relative Focal Mechanism Inversion and Its Application to Ridgecrest Sequence W. Kuang et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210370
- Centroid Full Moment Tensor Patterns of Induced Mw 0.3–2.0 Earthquakes in the Fennoscandian Shield A. Rintamäki et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120240124
- Review on heat extraction systems of hot dry rock: Classifications, benefits, limitations, research status and future prospects M. Qiao et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.114364
- Role of Natural Discontinuities in Fracture Propagation in Hot Dry Rock: Observations and Implications from the Field Injection Test J. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-04355-x
- Stress‐Based and Convolutional Forecasting of Injection‐Induced Seismicity: Application to the Otaniemi Geothermal Reservoir Stimulation T. Kim & J. Avouac https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024960
- Scaling P and S wave translational to array-derived rocking motions: An empirical estimation of local wave propagation direction and velocity in rock site conditions A. Sadeghi-Bagherabadi & G. Hillers https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109257
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 14 Jul 2026
