Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach

de' Michieli Vitturi, Mattia; Costa, Antonio; Di Vito, Mauro A.; Sandri, Laura; Doronzo, Domenico M.

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-437-2024

Articles | Volume 15, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-437-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-437-2024

© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 15, issue 4

Research article

|

03 Apr 2024

Research article |

| 03 Apr 2024

Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach

Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Antonio Costa, Mauro A. Di Vito, Laura Sandri, and Domenico M. Doronzo

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Final revised paper (published on 03 Apr 2024)
Preprint (discussion started on 10 Jul 2023)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

RC1:
'Comment on egusphere-2023-1301', Anonymous Referee #1, 05 Sep 2023

Review Summary

In the present study, novel insights are presented that facilitate a comparative analysis of erosion and deposition processes. Historically, flow thickness has been employed as a determinant factor. It might be instructive—though not imperative—to scrutinize the influence on dynamic pressure, particularly if a notable alteration is discerned. The manuscript is methodically robust and coherently structured. Both the objectives and the conclusions drawn are lucid and of significant import.
Technical corrections are available in the supplement file

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1301-RC1
- AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi, 21 Nov 2023
  
  Dear Referee,
  We sincerely appreciate the time and effort you dedicated to reviewing our manuscript titled "Lahar events in the last 2,000 years from Vesuvius eruptions. Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach" submitted to Solid Earth. Your insightful feedback has been invaluable in enhancing the quality of our work.
  We have carefully reviewed your comments and suggestions, and we are grateful for your thorough evaluation of our manuscript. To address your queries and concerns, as well as those raised by the other reviewer, we have prepared a comprehensive response document. This document includes detailed responses to the questions and suggestions posed by both reviewers, a list of the references added to the manuscript and a revised version of our manuscript highlighting all the changes.
  We believe that this consolidated response will help provide a clearer picture of the modifications we have undertaken and how they have contributed to strengthening the manuscript. You can find this response document attached to this reply.
  Thank you once again for your review. We look forward to the possibility of addressing any remaining concerns and, hopefully, proceeding towards the publication of our work.
  Best regards,
  Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi, Antonio Costa, Mauro A. Di Vito, Laura Sandri, Domenico M. Doronzo
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1301-AC1
RC2:
'Comment on egusphere-2023-1301', Gordon Woo, 03 Oct 2023

This is a notable advance in the computational modelling of lahars, and merits publication. With the improvements in modelling methodology, it would be interesting to explore the stochastic variability of significant historical lahars. The authors have written:
Although this simulation is not aimed at reproducing a particular event from the past, but at showing the model's ability to describe the different phenomena that may characterize a future lahar in the Avella Valley, it is interesting to note that these reaches are corroborated by some historical sources on the ''1631'' events, for which it is reported that the localities of Marigliano and Nola were reached by those lahars and by

geological evidences reported in Di Vito et al. (this issue).
Using their enhanced modelling capability, it would be possible to consider alternative realisations of the 1631 events, inter alia, taking account of the substantial variability in the initial conditions and other model parameters. This counterfactual analysis would be very insightful and instructive for lahar risk analysis (Aspinall and Woo, 2019, Counterfactual analysis of runaway volcanic explosions, Front.Earth.Sci.).
Such counterfactual risk analysis may be deferred to another publication, but some discussion would be useful for this paper.

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1301-RC2
- AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi, 21 Nov 2023
  
  Dear Gordon Woo,
  We sincerely appreciate the time and effort you dedicated to reviewing our manuscript titled "Lahar events in the last 2,000 years from Vesuvius eruptions. Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach" submitted to Solid Earth. Your insightful feedback has been invaluable in enhancing the quality of our work.
  We have carefully reviewed your comments and suggestions, and we are grateful for your thorough evaluation of our manuscript. To address your queries and concerns, as well as those raised by the other reviewer, we have prepared a comprehensive response document. This document includes detailed responses to the questions and suggestions posed by both reviewers, a list of the references added to the manuscript and a revised version of our manuscript highlighting all the changes.
  We believe that this consolidated response will help provide a clearer picture of the modifications we have undertaken and how they have contributed to strengthening the manuscript. You can find this response document attached to this reply.
  Thank you once again for your review. We look forward to the possibility of addressing any remaining concerns and, hopefully, proceeding towards the publication of our work.
  Best regards,
  Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi, Antonio Costa, Mauro A. Di Vito, Laura Sandri, Domenico M. Doronzo
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1301-AC2

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload

AR by Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi on behalf of the Authors (25 Nov 2023) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Publish as is (29 Nov 2023) by Kei Ogata

ED: Publish as is (26 Dec 2023) by Andrea Di Muro (Executive editor)

AR by Mattia de’ Michieli Vitturi on behalf of the Authors (02 Jan 2024) Manuscript

Short summary

We present a numerical model for lahars generated by the mobilization of tephra deposits from a reference size eruption at Somma–Vesuvius. The paper presents the model (pyhsics and numerics) and a sensitivity analysis of the processes modelled, numerical schemes, and grid resolution. This work provides the basis for application to hazard quantification for lahars in the Vesuvius area. To this end, we rely on results of the two companion papers (Part 1 on field data, Part 3 on hazard maps).