Articles | Volume 7, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-843-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-843-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 May 2016
Research article |
| 27 May 2016
Dilatant normal faulting in jointed cohesive rocks: a physical model study
Michael Kettermann
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics Energy and
Mineral Resources Group, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20,
52056 Aachen, Germany
Christoph von Hagke
Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics Energy and
Mineral Resources Group, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20,
52056 Aachen, Germany
Heijn W. van Gent
Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics Energy and
Mineral Resources Group, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20,
52056 Aachen, Germany
now at: Shell International Exploration and Production
Company, The Hague, the Netherlands
Christoph Grützner
Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University,
Lochnerstraße 4-20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
now at: COMET; Bullard Laboratories, Department of
Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Janos L. Urai
Structural Geology, Tectonics and Geomechanics Energy and
Mineral Resources Group, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstraße 4-20,
52056 Aachen, Germany
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Cited
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Fault zone processes and fluid history in Austin Chalk, southwest Texas D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1306/04241918168
- Tectono-metamorphic evolution of shallow crustal levels within active volcanic arcs. Insights from the exhumed Basal Complex of Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) A. Favier et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2019011
- Modelling of extension and dyking-induced collapse faults and fissures in rifts D. Koehn et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.09.017
- Growth of bending-moment faults due to progressive folding: Insights from sandbox models and paleoseismological implications F. Livio et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.02.012
- The effect of salt in dilatant faults on rates and magnitudes of induced seismicity – first results building on the geological setting of the Groningen Rotliegend reservoirs M. Kettermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/njg.2017.19
- The Effect of Obliquity of Slip in Normal Faults on Distribution of Open Fractures C. von Hagke et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00018
- Glossary of fault and other fracture networks D. Peacock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.09.008
- Discrete element modeling of extensional fault-related monocline formation K. Smart & D. Ferrill https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.07.009
- Mapping and classifying large deformation from digital imagery: application to analogue models of lithosphere deformation T. Broerse et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab120
- Fault failure modes, deformation mechanisms, dilation tendency, slip tendency, and conduits v. seals D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP496-2019-7
- Mechanical stratigraphy and normal faulting D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.11.010
- Evolution of structure and permeability of normal faults with clay smear: Insights from water‐saturated sandbox models and numerical simulations M. Kettermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013341
- Fault zone processes in mechanically layered mudrock and chalk D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2017.02.013
- Basement reservoir plumbing: fracture aperture, length and topology analysis of the Lewisian Complex, NW Scotland K. McCaffrey et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2019-143
- Nature and significance of rift-related, near-surface fissure-fill networks in fractured carbonates below regional unconformities K. Hardman et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-074
- From faults to fractures – a German glossary based on English terms. A. Broge et al. https://doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/2025/0489
- Advanced strain and mass transfer analysis in crustal-scale oroclinal buckling and detachment folding analogue models O. Krýza et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2019.05.001
- Structure of massively dilatant faults in Iceland: lessons learned from high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle data C. Weismüller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1757-2019
- What model material to use? A Review on rock analogs for structural geology and tectonics J. Reber et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103107
- The influence of columnar joints and joint pattern on near-surface normal faulting: An analog modeling approach L. Winhausen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2025.105354
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Fault zone processes and fluid history in Austin Chalk, southwest Texas D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1306/04241918168
- Tectono-metamorphic evolution of shallow crustal levels within active volcanic arcs. Insights from the exhumed Basal Complex of Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) A. Favier et al. https://doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2019011
- Modelling of extension and dyking-induced collapse faults and fissures in rifts D. Koehn et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.09.017
- Growth of bending-moment faults due to progressive folding: Insights from sandbox models and paleoseismological implications F. Livio et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.02.012
- The effect of salt in dilatant faults on rates and magnitudes of induced seismicity – first results building on the geological setting of the Groningen Rotliegend reservoirs M. Kettermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1017/njg.2017.19
- The Effect of Obliquity of Slip in Normal Faults on Distribution of Open Fractures C. von Hagke et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2019.00018
- Glossary of fault and other fracture networks D. Peacock et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.09.008
- Discrete element modeling of extensional fault-related monocline formation K. Smart & D. Ferrill https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.07.009
- Mapping and classifying large deformation from digital imagery: application to analogue models of lithosphere deformation T. Broerse et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab120
- Fault failure modes, deformation mechanisms, dilation tendency, slip tendency, and conduits v. seals D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP496-2019-7
- Mechanical stratigraphy and normal faulting D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2016.11.010
- Evolution of structure and permeability of normal faults with clay smear: Insights from water‐saturated sandbox models and numerical simulations M. Kettermann et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013341
- Fault zone processes in mechanically layered mudrock and chalk D. Ferrill et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2017.02.013
- Basement reservoir plumbing: fracture aperture, length and topology analysis of the Lewisian Complex, NW Scotland K. McCaffrey et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2019-143
- Nature and significance of rift-related, near-surface fissure-fill networks in fractured carbonates below regional unconformities K. Hardman et al. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-074
- From faults to fractures – a German glossary based on English terms. A. Broge et al. https://doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/2025/0489
- Advanced strain and mass transfer analysis in crustal-scale oroclinal buckling and detachment folding analogue models O. Krýza et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2019.05.001
- Structure of massively dilatant faults in Iceland: lessons learned from high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle data C. Weismüller et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1757-2019
- What model material to use? A Review on rock analogs for structural geology and tectonics J. Reber et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103107
- The influence of columnar joints and joint pattern on near-surface normal faulting: An analog modeling approach L. Winhausen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2025.105354
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 Oct 2026
Short summary
We present an analogue modeling study on the interaction of pre-existing joints and normal faults using cohesive powder. We vary the angle between joints and a rigid basement fault and analyze interpreted map-view photographs at maximum displacement for various parameters and compare to nature. Results show a clear effect of increasing angle between joints and faults on fault geometry, fracture density and connectivity. These information can help interpreting fractured layers in the subsurface.
We present an analogue modeling study on the interaction of pre-existing joints and normal...
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