133 citations as recorded by crossref.

1. Rice Husk at a Glance: From Agro-Industrial to Modern Applications M. Kordi et al. 10.1016/j.rsci.2023.08.005
2. Status of Biomass Derived Carbon Materials for Supercapacitor Application T. Enock et al. 10.1155/2017/6453420
3. Bifunctional nano-catalyst produced from palm kernel shell via hydrothermal-assisted carbonization for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil R. Abdullah et al. 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110638
4. Biomass-Derived Carbonaceous Materials: Recent Progress in Synthetic Approaches, Advantages, and Applications D. Yang et al. 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06030
5. Process Water Recirculation during Hydrothermal Carbonization of Waste Biomass: Current Knowledge and Challenges A. Picone et al. 10.3390/en14102962
6. Hydrothermal Treatment of Food Waste for Bio-fertilizer Production: Regulation of Humus Substances and Nutrient (N and P) in Hydrochar by Feedwater pH L. Wang et al. 10.1007/s12649-023-02033-7
7. Potential heterogeneous nano-catalyst via integrating hydrothermal carbonization for biodiesel production using waste cooking oil R. Abdullah et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131913
8. Preparation and Characterization of Apricot Kernel Shell Biochar and Its Adsorption Mechanism for Atrazine Z. Zhang et al. 10.3390/su14074082
9. Hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass S. Inoue 10.7209/tanso.2015.225
10. The Impact of Biomass Composition Variability on the Char Features and Yields Resulted through Thermochemical Processes E. Armanu et al. 10.3390/polym16162334
11. Evaluation of change in biochar properties derived from different feedstock and pyrolysis temperature for environmental and agricultural application P. Pariyar et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136433
12. Pyrolysis or hydrothermal carbonisation for anaerobic-digested sewage sludge? A comparison of pyrochar and hydrochar structure and stability M. Pimenta-Ocampo et al. 10.1007/s13399-023-05019-6
13. Activated carbon from citric acid catalyzed hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation of salacca peel as potential electrode for lithium ion capacitor’s cathode R. Susanti et al. 10.1007/s11581-019-02904-x
14. Lignocellulosic marine biofuel: Technoeconomic and environmental assessment for production in Brazil and Sweden S. Tanzer et al. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117845
15. Poultry Litter Biochar as a Gentle Soil Amendment in Multi-Contaminated Soil: Quality Evaluation on Nutrient Preservation and Contaminant Immobilization C. Tsai & Y. Chang 10.3390/agronomy12020405
16. Recyclable 3D-Printed Composite Hydrogel Containing Rice Husk Biochar for Organic Contaminants Adsorption in Tap Water E. Silva et al. 10.1021/acsapm.3c01534
17. Influence of Reaction Time, Temperature, and Heavy Metal Zinc on Characteristics of Cellulose- and Wood-Derived Hydrochars from Hydrothermal Carbonization X. Zhao et al. 10.1007/s12155-022-10482-6
18. Recent Advances in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Food Waste Derived Bioproducts: Valorization Approaches, Applications, and the Prospective Assessment A. Hayder et al. 10.1007/s12649-025-02946-5
19. Biochar characteristics and early applications in anaerobic digestion-a review F. Codignole Luz et al. 10.1016/j.jece.2018.04.015
20. Valorization of the complex organic waste in municipal solid wastes through the combination of hydrothermal carbonization and anaerobic digestion E. Rosas-Mendoza et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2024.120916
21. Optimization of process parameters for microwave pyrolysis of oil palm fiber (OPF) for hydrogen and biochar production M. Arafat Hossain et al. 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.10.046
22. Waste Recovery through Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: A Case Study with Several Portuguese Agroforestry By-Products L. Nunes et al. 10.3390/cleantechnol2030023
23. Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Study of Biomass Derived Supercapacitor Electrode M. Tripathi et al. 10.1149/1945-7111/abff62
24. Effect of temperature on the fuel properties of food waste and coal blend treated under co-hydrothermal carbonization N. Ul Saqib et al. 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.04.005
25. Bifunctional biomass-based catalyst for biodiesel production via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) pretreatment – Synthesis, characterization and optimization R. Abdullah et al. 10.1016/j.psep.2021.10.007
26. Multianalytical characterization of biochar and hydrochar produced from waste biomasses for environmental and agricultural applications E. Taskin et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.204
27. Effect of Accumulative Recycling of Aqueous Phase on the Properties of Hydrothermal Degradation of Dry Biomass and Bio-Crude Oil Formation S. Yin et al. 10.3390/en14020285
28. Hydrochar and hydrochar co-compost from OFMSW digestate for soil application: 3. Toxicological evaluation G. Al-Naqeb et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115910
29. Ultrasound-assisted removal of Acid Red 17 using nanosized Fe3O4-loaded coffee waste hydrochar A. Khataee et al. 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.09.004
30. Feedstock-induced changes in composition and stability of biochar derived from different agricultural wastes T. Choudhary et al. 10.1007/s12517-019-4735-z
31. Direct interspecies electron transfer mechanisms of a biochar-amended anaerobic digestion: a review M. Valentin et al. 10.1186/s13068-023-02391-3
32. Valorization of Aloe vera waste for the production of Ca and P-rich hydrochars D. Kalderis et al. 10.1016/j.scenv.2023.100057
33. Microalgae biodiesel: A sustainable source of energy, unit operations, technological challenges, and solutions L. Kumar et al. 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100145
34. Activated hydrochar from palm leaves as efficient lead adsorbent H. Hammud et al. 10.1080/00986445.2019.1702975
35. Biomass Hydrochar: A Critical Review of Process Chemistry, Synthesis Methodology, and Applications J. Ighalo et al. 10.3390/su17041660
36. Effect of FeCl3 Catalyst on Chemical Properties of Hydrochar Produced by Hydrothermal Carbonization of Dragon Fruit Stem (Hylocereus undatus) L. Tran et al. 10.1007/s12155-022-10424-2
37. An evaluation of subcritical hydrothermal treatment of end-of-pipe palm oil mill effluent Z. Lee et al. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01792
38. Numerical analysis of the influence of the impregnation ratio on the microporous structure formation of activated carbons, prepared by chemical activation of waste biomass with phosphoric(V) acid M. Kwiatkowski et al. 10.1016/j.jpcs.2017.02.006
39. Catalytic Hydrothermal Carbonization of Avocado Peel L. Tran et al. 10.1155/2022/5766269
40. Improving sample preparation by biochar-coated sampling tubes: proof-of-concept extraction of sex hormones from real waters P. Bianchini et al. 10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100129
41. Hydrothermal Carbonization of Cattle Paunch Waste: Process Conditions and Product Characteristics G. Saverettiar et al. 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104487
42. Immobilization of Potassium-Based Heterogeneous Catalyst over Alumina Beads and Powder Support in the Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil M. Lokman NolHakim et al. 10.3390/catal11080976
43. Recent advances in applications of activated carbon from biowaste for wastewater treatment: A short review S. Wong et al. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.059
44. Utilization of waste straw and husks from rice production: A review B. Goodman 10.1016/j.jobab.2020.07.001
45. Contrasting impacts of chemical and physical ageing on hydrochar properties and sorption of norfloxacin with coexisting Cu2+ J. Guan et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145502
46. Minireview of potential applications of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal carbonization of biomass J. Fang et al. 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.08.026
47. A review of toxicity and biodegradation of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in the environment S. Nagar et al. 10.1016/j.eti.2021.101750
48. Synthesis and characterization of rice husk biochar via hydrothermal carbonization for wastewater treatment and biofuel production N. Hossain et al. 10.1038/s41598-020-75936-3
49. Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process Z. Chowdhury et al. 10.3390/nano8080597
50. Hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass for carbon rich material preparation: A review T. Khan et al. 10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.105384
51. Biochar and hydrochar derived from freshwater sludge: Characterization and possible applications Y. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144550
52. Hydrothermal carbonization of rice husk for fuel upgrading N. Suteerawattananonda et al. 10.1088/1757-899X/297/1/012007
53. Microwave-enhanced sub-critical hydrolysis of rice straw to produce reducing sugar catalyzed by ionic liquid J. Chen et al. 10.1007/s10163-017-0628-y
54. Hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic agro-forest based biomass residues C. Mendoza Martinez et al. 10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106004
55. Valorization of tree leaves waste using microwave‐assisted hydrothermal carbonization process K. Kang et al. 10.1111/gcbb.12882
56. Preparation of rice husk hydrochar as an atrazine adsorbent: Optimization, characterization, and adsorption mechanisms K. Phan et al. 10.1016/j.jece.2022.107575
57. Harnessing energy from Australian dairy waste: utilizing five methodologies M. Arefin et al. 10.1002/bbb.2126
58. Cross-Interaction of Fish Scales and Poplar-Derived Bio-oil Enhance Pore Development via Carbonization and Activation S. Kousar et al. 10.1021/acssusresmgt.3c00117
59. A review on the conversion of plant husk-based biomass into biochar K. Iwuozor et al. 10.1080/17597269.2024.2376367
60. Column optimization of adsorption and evaluation of bed parameters-based on removal of arsenite ion using rice husk M. Antil et al. 10.1007/s11356-022-20580-9
61. Crop fertilisation potential of phosphorus in hydrochars produced from sewage sludge S. McIntosh et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153023
62. Efficacy of biochar application on seed germination and early growth of forest tree species in semi-evergreen, moist deciduous forest L. Gogoi et al. 10.1080/14728028.2020.1790432
63. Biochars and hydrochars prepared by pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonisation of pig manure G. Gascó et al. 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.015
64. Integration of Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Carbonization S. Saipa et al. 10.1007/s12155-024-10752-5
65. The effects of biochars on the growth of Zelkova serrata seedlings in a containerized seedling production system M. Cho et al. 10.1080/21580103.2017.1287778
66. Assessment of livestock manure-derived hydrochar as cleaner products: Insights into basic properties, nutrient composition, and heavy metal content H. Fu et al. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129820
67. A Comprehensive Review on Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass and its Applications R. Sharma et al. 10.1007/s42250-019-00098-3
68. Activation of peroxydisulfate by black fungus-derived N-doped biochar for tetracycline degradation via non-radical dominated oxidation pathway X. Kang et al. 10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102007
69. Hydrothermal carbonization of arecanut husk biomass: fuel properties and sorption of metals S. Ramesh et al. 10.1007/s11356-018-3888-8
70. The properties of biochars derived from different plant residue and different pyrolysis temperatures H. NEGİŞ et al. 10.29278/azd.539829
71. Rice husks and their hydrochars cause unexpected stress response in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: reduced transcription of stress-related genes S. Chakrabarti et al. 10.1007/s11356-015-4491-x
72. A review on hydrothermal carbonization of potential biomass wastes, characterization and environmental applications of hydrochar, and biorefinery perspectives of the process M. Cavali et al. 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159627
73. Recent advances in environmental and agricultural applications of hydrochars: A review M. Mahmood Al-Nuaimy et al. 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117923
74. Turning Coconut Residue into Hydrochar using Hydrothermal Carbonization M. Lau Abdullah & N. Hamid 10.1088/1757-899X/1192/1/012033
75. Pyrolysis temperature changes the physicochemical characteristics of water hyacinth-based biochar as a potential soil amendment A. Gezahegn et al. 10.1007/s13399-024-05338-2
76. Upgrading agricultural wastes using three different carbonization methods: Thermal, hydrothermal and vapothermal K. Yeoh et al. 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.024
77. Thermokinetics of production of biochar from crop residues: an overview T. Len et al. 10.1039/D2GC02631G
78. Hydrothermally Carbonized Waste Biomass as Electrocatalyst Support for α-MnO2 in Oxygen Reduction Reaction H. Panganoron et al. 10.3390/catal10020177
79. Single-stage production of miscanthus hydrochar at low severity conditions and application as adsorbent of copper and ammonium ions E. Georgiou et al. 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125458
80. Valorization of loquat seeds by hydrothermal carbonization for the production of hydrochars and aqueous phases as added-value products D. Kalderis et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118612
81. Conversion of rice husks into carbonaceous materials with porous structures via hydrothermal process S. Sugie & H. Maeda 10.1007/s11356-024-34217-6
82. Characterization of dairy manure hydrochar and aqueous phase products generated by hydrothermal carbonization at different temperatures K. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.jaap.2017.07.017
83. Sustainable valorisation of bioactive molecules from rice husks through hydrothermal extraction for chitosan-based bioplastic production P. Brites et al. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132489
84. Hydrothermal Carbonization of Olive Tree Pruning as a Sustainable Way for Improving Biomass Energy Potential: Effect of Reaction Parameters on Fuel Properties J. González-Arias et al. 10.3390/pr8101201
85. An analysis of the porous structure of activated carbons obtained from hazelnut shells by various physical and chemical methods of activation M. Kwiatkowski & E. Broniek 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.06.028
86. Production and characterization of hydrochars and their application in soil improvement and environmental remediation A. Khosravi et al. 10.1016/j.cej.2021.133142
87. Biomass-Derived Renewable Carbonaceous Materials for Sustainable Chemical and Environmental Applications R. Varma 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06550
88. Characterization of functional electrospun polymeric nanofiber membranes N. Ali & E. Hussein 10.1007/s13762-019-02345-z
89. Characterization of Pilot Scale Processed Canadian Organic Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and Blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) Juice Pressing Residues and Phenolic-Enriched Extractives K. Ross et al. 10.1080/15538362.2017.1285264
90. Effect of biosolid hydrochar on toxicity to earthworms and brine shrimp T. Melo et al. 10.1007/s10653-017-9995-5
91. Chemical products yielded from different pyrolysis processes of rice waste residues: a comprehensive review S. El-Sayed 10.1007/s13399-025-06624-3
92. Comparative production of biochars from corn stalk and cow manure Z. Liu et al. 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121855
93. Role of volatile secondary char on the combustion behavior of cellulose-based hydrochars P. Motiei et al. 10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113703
94. Conversion of chicken feather waste via hydrothermal carbonization: process optimization and the effect of hydrochar on seed germination of Acacia auriculiformis M. Islam et al. 10.1007/s10163-021-01209-4
95. Engineering biomass-derived CO2 capture materials via hydrothermal processes A. Nabhai et al. 10.1016/j.pnsc.2025.02.011
96. Catalytic microwave pyrolysis of oil palm fiber (OPF) for the biochar production M. Hossain et al. 10.1007/s11356-017-0241-6
97. A review of the current knowledge and challenges of hydrothermal carbonization for biomass conversion M. Heidari et al. 10.1016/j.joei.2018.12.003
98. Development of a Dual-Chamber Pyrolizer for Biochar Production from Agricultural Waste in Sri Lanka W. Illankoon et al. 10.3390/en16041819
99. Prospects of Microalgae for Biomaterial Production and Environmental Applications at Biorefineries L. Orejuela-Escobar et al. 10.3390/su13063063
100. Comparison of characterization and adsorption of biochars produced from hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis X. Jian et al. 10.1016/j.eti.2018.01.004
101. A review on recent technological advancement in the activated carbon production from oil palm wastes N. Rashidi & S. Yusup 10.1016/j.cej.2016.11.059
102. Biochar from malt residue: Toward a circular economy for sustainable fluoroquinolone removal in aqueous systems A. dos Santos Silva et al. 10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106707
103. Agronomic properties of biochars from different manure wastes P. Cely et al. 10.1016/j.jaap.2014.11.014
104. Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications S. Masoumi et al. 10.3390/catal11080939
105. Assessment of Orange Peel Hydrochar as a Soil Amendment: Impact on Clay Soil Physical Properties and Potential Phytotoxicity D. Kalderis et al. 10.1007/s12649-018-0364-0
106. Fe-modified hydrochar from orange peel as adsorbent of food colorant Brilliant Black: process optimization and kinetic studies F. Çatlıoğlu et al. 10.1007/s13762-019-02593-z
107. Production and characterization of fuel pellets from rice husk and wheat straw I. Ríos-Badrán et al. 10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.048
108. Insight into biochar properties and its cost analysis M. Ahmed et al. 10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.11.002
109. Advances in nanoparticles tailored lignocellulosic biochars for removal of heavy metals with special reference to cadmium (II) and chromium (VI) D. Pathania & A. Srivastava 10.1007/s42398-020-00142-w
110. Effects of Biochar on Container Substrate Properties and Growth of Plants—A Review L. Huang & M. Gu 10.3390/horticulturae5010014
111. Physical and chemical characterization of biochars derived from different agricultural residues K. Jindo et al. 10.5194/bg-11-6613-2014
112. Carbonization temperature and feedstock type interactively affect chemical, fuel, and surface properties of hydrochars C. Nzediegwu et al. 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124976
113. Synthesis of Carbon Microspheres from Inedible Crystallized Date Palm Molasses: Influence of Temperature and Reaction Time M. El-Harbawi et al. 10.3390/ma16041672
114. Biochar properties: Transport, fate, and impact M. Aller 10.1080/10643389.2016.1212368
115. Green synthesis of a novel eco-friendly hydrochar from Pomegranate peels loaded with iron nanoparticles for the removal of copper ions and methylene blue from aqueous solutions G. M Khairy et al. 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120722
116. Effects of process parameters on the distribution characteristics of inorganic nutrients from hydrothermal carbonization of cattle manure K. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.071
117. A review on hydrothermal treatments for solid, liquid and gaseous fuel production from biomass R. Teoh et al. 10.1016/j.nexus.2024.100301
118. Hydrothermal carbonisation of sewage sludge for char production with different waste biomass: Effects of reaction temperature and energy recycling Y. Zhai et al. 10.1016/j.energy.2017.03.116
119. Can hydrochar and pyrochar affect nitrogen uptake and biomass allocation in poplars? E. George et al. 10.1002/jpln.201600563
120. Influence of Temperature and Residence Time in the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Rice Husk and Exhausted Black Wattle Bark H. Schneider et al. 10.1089/ind.2021.0031
121. Management of biosolids-derived hydrochar (Sewchar): Effect on plant germination, and farmers' acceptance T. Melo et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.042
122. Use of Modified Activated Carbon in Groundwater Remediation for Human Consumption C. María Lorena et al. 10.3390/w17020207
123. Evaluating Sustainable Options for Valorization of Rice By-Products in Sri Lanka: An Approach for a Circular Business Model W. Illankoon et al. 10.3390/agronomy13030803
124. Hydrothermal carbonization of unwanted biomass materials: Effect of process temperature and retention time on hydrochar and liquid fraction K. Nakason et al. 10.1016/j.joei.2017.05.002
125. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of marine plastic debris M. Iñiguez et al. 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116033
126. Influence of Acids and Alkali as Additives on Hydrothermally Treating Sewage Sludge: Effect on Phosphorus Recovery, Yield, and Energy Value of Hydrochar V. Shettigondahalli Ekanthalu et al. 10.3390/pr9040618
127. Impact of hydrothermal carbonization conditions on the formation of hydrochars and secondary chars from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste M. Lucian et al. 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.06.060
128. Thermophysical characterization of oil palm shell (OPS) and OPS char synthesized by the microwave pyrolysis of OPS M. Tripathi et al. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.03.053
129. Hydrochar Production by Hydrothermal Carbonization: Microwave versus Supercritical Water Treatment M. Ojewumi & G. Chen 10.3390/biomass4020031
130. The Potentiality of Rice Husk-Derived Activated Carbon: From Synthesis to Application M. Alam et al. 10.3390/pr8020203
131. Factors driving the carbon mineralization priming effect in a sandy loam soil amended with different types of biochar P. Cely et al. 10.5194/se-5-585-2014
132. Decontamination of xenobiotics in water and soil environment through potential application of composite maize stover/rice husk (MS/RH) biochar—a review G. Moyo et al. 10.1007/s11356-020-09163-8
133. Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions X. Tan et al. 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.12.058