Soil indicators to assess the effectiveness of restoration strategies in  dryland ecosystems

Costantini, Edoardo A. C.; Branquinho, Cristina; Nunes, Alice; Schwilch, Gudrun; Stavi, Ilan; Valdecantos, Alejandro; Zucca, Claudio

doi:10.5194/se-7-397-2016

Articles | Volume 7, issue 2

https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-397-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-397-2016

© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 7, issue 2

Review article

|

10 Mar 2016

Review article |

| 10 Mar 2016

Soil indicators to assess the effectiveness of restoration strategies in dryland ecosystems

Edoardo A. C. Costantini, Cristina Branquinho, Alice Nunes, Gudrun Schwilch, Ilan Stavi, Alejandro Valdecantos, and Claudio Zucca

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Total article views: 6,603 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,301	2,973	329	6,603	278	337

HTML: 3,301
PDF: 2,973
XML: 329
Total: 6,603
BibTeX: 278
EndNote: 337

Views and downloads (calculated since 08 Dec 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2015	23	48	1	72
Jan 2016	61	28	0	89
Feb 2016	17	7	0	24
Mar 2016	112	47	13	172
Apr 2016	40	26	1	67
May 2016	26	19	1	46
Jun 2016	19	7	1	27
Jul 2016	15	9	1	25
Aug 2016	18	9	1	28
Sep 2016	22	25	2	49
Oct 2016	17	10	7	34
Nov 2016	18	14	7	39
Dec 2016	8	6	0	14
Jan 2017	18	11	1	30
Feb 2017	13	16	1	30
Mar 2017	32	54	5	91
Apr 2017	30	31	6	67
May 2017	25	41	3	69
Jun 2017	41	35	2	78
Jul 2017	19	19	3	41
Aug 2017	11	23	1	35
Sep 2017	17	40	0	57
Oct 2017	12	48	0	60
Nov 2017	16	38	2	56
Dec 2017	14	29	2	45
Jan 2018	11	21	3	35
Feb 2018	15	28	3	46
Mar 2018	19	38	1	58
Apr 2018	25	32	1	58
May 2018	14	38	0	52
Jun 2018	13	28	0	41
Jul 2018	15	31	1	47
Aug 2018	20	41	1	62
Sep 2018	8	18	0	26
Oct 2018	13	33	1	47
Nov 2018	14	34	3	51
Dec 2018	13	32	0	45
Jan 2019	10	25	1	36
Feb 2019	10	16	1	27
Mar 2019	12	31	2	45
Apr 2019	12	21	0	33
May 2019	21	27	0	48
Jun 2019	15	28	0	43
Jul 2019	15	30	2	47
Aug 2019	16	26	0	42
Sep 2019	18	35	1	54
Oct 2019	24	19	1	44
Nov 2019	24	28	0	52
Dec 2019	6	38	0	44
Jan 2020	27	24	3	54
Feb 2020	22	20	3	45
Mar 2020	13	23	1	37
Apr 2020	18	24	1	43
May 2020	19	15	0	34
Jun 2020	42	26	1	69
Jul 2020	71	70	57	198
Aug 2020	14	21	4	39
Sep 2020	17	15	4	36
Oct 2020	16	25	4	45
Nov 2020	13	15	4	32
Dec 2020	23	28	4	55
Jan 2021	33	32	3	68
Feb 2021	18	24	4	46
Mar 2021	18	26	6	50
Apr 2021	30	36	2	68
May 2021	28	45	3	76
Jun 2021	19	19	3	41
Jul 2021	15	23	3	41
Aug 2021	21	20	5	46
Sep 2021	21	25	1	47
Oct 2021	13	48	1	62
Nov 2021	29	42	5	76
Dec 2021	25	17	2	44
Jan 2022	41	21	0	62
Feb 2022	41	14	6	61
Mar 2022	58	17	4	79
Apr 2022	38	25	3	66
May 2022	18	16	1	35
Jun 2022	22	16	2	40
Jul 2022	21	12	1	34
Aug 2022	19	13	1	33
Sep 2022	19	16	1	36
Oct 2022	21	10	5	36
Nov 2022	38	23	3	64
Dec 2022	18	10	1	29
Jan 2023	32	26	1	59
Feb 2023	29	19	2	50
Mar 2023	36	35	3	74
Apr 2023	17	21	2	40
May 2023	37	23	2	62
Jun 2023	49	15	2	66
Jul 2023	20	10	2	32
Aug 2023	24	10	4	38
Sep 2023	30	15	3	48
Oct 2023	40	15	4	59
Nov 2023	13	9	0	22
Dec 2023	24	13	3	40
Jan 2024	25	17	2	44
Feb 2024	23	16	4	43
Mar 2024	29	23	3	55
Apr 2024	43	25	11	79
May 2024	22	25	6	53
Jun 2024	42	34	3	79
Jul 2024	20	30	2	52
Aug 2024	28	21	5	54
Sep 2024	32	19	3	54
Oct 2024	34	19	1	54
Nov 2024	44	15	2	61
Dec 2024	41	25	0	66
Jan 2025	37	14	4	55
Feb 2025	42	11	0	53
Mar 2025	69	19	0	88
Apr 2025	81	18	2	101
May 2025	40	16	1	57
Jun 2025	62	25	0	87
Jul 2025	33	38	2	73
Aug 2025	63	30	1	94
Sep 2025	99	22	2	123
Oct 2025	52	50	2	104
Nov 2025	63	54	10	127
Dec 2025	2	0	2

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 08 Dec 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2015	23	48	1	72
Jan 2016	61	28	0	89
Feb 2016	17	7	0	24
Mar 2016	112	47	13	172
Apr 2016	40	26	1	67
May 2016	26	19	1	46
Jun 2016	19	7	1	27
Jul 2016	15	9	1	25
Aug 2016	18	9	1	28
Sep 2016	22	25	2	49
Oct 2016	17	10	7	34
Nov 2016	18	14	7	39
Dec 2016	8	6	0	14
Jan 2017	18	11	1	30
Feb 2017	13	16	1	30
Mar 2017	32	54	5	91
Apr 2017	30	31	6	67
May 2017	25	41	3	69
Jun 2017	41	35	2	78
Jul 2017	19	19	3	41
Aug 2017	11	23	1	35
Sep 2017	17	40	0	57
Oct 2017	12	48	0	60
Nov 2017	16	38	2	56
Dec 2017	14	29	2	45
Jan 2018	11	21	3	35
Feb 2018	15	28	3	46
Mar 2018	19	38	1	58
Apr 2018	25	32	1	58
May 2018	14	38	0	52
Jun 2018	13	28	0	41
Jul 2018	15	31	1	47
Aug 2018	20	41	1	62
Sep 2018	8	18	0	26
Oct 2018	13	33	1	47
Nov 2018	14	34	3	51
Dec 2018	13	32	0	45
Jan 2019	10	25	1	36
Feb 2019	10	16	1	27
Mar 2019	12	31	2	45
Apr 2019	12	21	0	33
May 2019	21	27	0	48
Jun 2019	15	28	0	43
Jul 2019	15	30	2	47
Aug 2019	16	26	0	42
Sep 2019	18	35	1	54
Oct 2019	24	19	1	44
Nov 2019	24	28	0	52
Dec 2019	6	38	0	44
Jan 2020	27	24	3	54
Feb 2020	22	20	3	45
Mar 2020	13	23	1	37
Apr 2020	18	24	1	43
May 2020	19	15	0	34
Jun 2020	42	26	1	69
Jul 2020	71	70	57	198
Aug 2020	14	21	4	39
Sep 2020	17	15	4	36
Oct 2020	16	25	4	45
Nov 2020	13	15	4	32
Dec 2020	23	28	4	55
Jan 2021	33	32	3	68
Feb 2021	18	24	4	46
Mar 2021	18	26	6	50
Apr 2021	30	36	2	68
May 2021	28	45	3	76
Jun 2021	19	19	3	41
Jul 2021	15	23	3	41
Aug 2021	21	20	5	46
Sep 2021	21	25	1	47
Oct 2021	13	48	1	62
Nov 2021	29	42	5	76
Dec 2021	25	17	2	44
Jan 2022	41	21	0	62
Feb 2022	41	14	6	61
Mar 2022	58	17	4	79
Apr 2022	38	25	3	66
May 2022	18	16	1	35
Jun 2022	22	16	2	40
Jul 2022	21	12	1	34
Aug 2022	19	13	1	33
Sep 2022	19	16	1	36
Oct 2022	21	10	5	36
Nov 2022	38	23	3	64
Dec 2022	18	10	1	29
Jan 2023	32	26	1	59
Feb 2023	29	19	2	50
Mar 2023	36	35	3	74
Apr 2023	17	21	2	40
May 2023	37	23	2	62
Jun 2023	49	15	2	66
Jul 2023	20	10	2	32
Aug 2023	24	10	4	38
Sep 2023	30	15	3	48
Oct 2023	40	15	4	59
Nov 2023	13	9	0	22
Dec 2023	24	13	3	40
Jan 2024	25	17	2	44
Feb 2024	23	16	4	43
Mar 2024	29	23	3	55
Apr 2024	43	25	11	79
May 2024	22	25	6	53
Jun 2024	42	34	3	79
Jul 2024	20	30	2	52
Aug 2024	28	21	5	54
Sep 2024	32	19	3	54
Oct 2024	34	19	1	54
Nov 2024	44	15	2	61
Dec 2024	41	25	0	66
Jan 2025	37	14	4	55
Feb 2025	42	11	0	53
Mar 2025	69	19	0	88
Apr 2025	81	18	2	101
May 2025	40	16	1	57
Jun 2025	62	25	0	87
Jul 2025	33	38	2	73
Aug 2025	63	30	1	94
Sep 2025	99	22	2	123
Oct 2025	52	50	2	104
Nov 2025	63	54	10	127
Dec 2025	2	0	2

Latest update: 03 Dec 2025

Short summary

The success of restoration projects relies on a proper understanding of the relationships between soil, plants, hydrology, climate, and land management at different scales, which are particularly complex in drylands. Several soil indicators, which can be used to assess the effectiveness of restoration strategies in dryland ecosystems at different spatial and temporal scales, are discussed from different viewpoints of pedology, ecology, hydrology, and land management.