Articles | Volume 11, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-669-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-669-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Apr 2020
Research article |
| 30 Apr 2020
| 30 Apr 2020
Seismic waveform tomography of the central and eastern Mediterranean upper mantle
Bullard Laboratories, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rise, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK
previously at: Department of Earth Sciences, Universiteit Utrecht, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
Invited contribution by Nienke Blom, recipient of the EGU Seismology Outstanding Student Poster and PICO Award 2017.
Alexey Gokhberg
Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
Andreas Fichtner
Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Cited
39 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On seismic gradiometric wave equation inversion for density M. Faber & A. Curtis https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggae097
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- Global seismic tomography reveals remnants of subducted Tethyan oceanic slabs in the deep mantle Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1166-2
- Crustal Rheology and Fluid Migration Control the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake X. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250040
- The structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East D. McKenzie https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-020-00038-1
- Long‐Distance Asthenospheric Transport of Plume‐Influenced Mantle From Afar to Anatolia J. Hua et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010605
- Mitigating the effect of errors in source parameters on seismic (waveform) tomography N. Blom et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac314
- Seismic structure of African slab beneath Antalya bay southern Turkey I. Medved & G. Polat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230720
- Study of passive seismic tomography with various grid by using Matlab I. Palupi et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1568/1/012026
- Structure of the northwestern North Anatolian Fault Zone imaged via teleseismic scattering tomography S. Rost et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab265
- Adjoint tomography of the Italian lithosphere F. Magnoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00397-7
- Bayesian Seismic Source Inversion With a 3‐D Earth Model of the Japanese Islands S. Simutė et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024231
- Geophysical‐Petrological Model for Bidirectional Mantle Delamination of the Adria Microplate Beneath the Northern Apennines and Dinarides Orogenic Systems W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024800
- Full Waveform Inversion Beneath the Central Andes: Insight Into the Dehydration of the Nazca Slab and Delamination of the Back‐Arc Lithosphere Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB021984
- Mantle flow dynamics and formation of the curved Calabrian subduction zone Y. Hua et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2026.120112
- An enhanced view on the Mediterranean Sea crust from potential fields data D. Sampietro et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35282-6
- Seismic structure beneath western Pacific and adjacent regions from seismic full-waveform inversion Z. Jin et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf463
- Neotectonics and earthquake preparedness in Türkiye: embedding geological foresight in urban planning N. Görür & A. Yildiz https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2025.2611949
- Seismic detection using submarine cable polarization signals with machine learning M. Caruso et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03434-x
- A new-generation multiparameter elastic model of the crust and upper mantle of the greater Alpine area and the Apennines using teleseismic full waveform inversion: data, method and models N. Mohammadi et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggag174
- Gravity for Lithosphere Architecture Determination and Analysis: the Central Eastern Mediterranean case study D. Sampietro & M. Capponi https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.13146
- SASSY21: A 3‐D Seismic Structural Model of the Lithosphere and Underlying Mantle Beneath Southeast Asia From Multi‐Scale Adjoint Waveform Tomography D. Wehner et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022930
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- Shear‐Velocity Structure and Dynamics Beneath the Sicily Channel and Surrounding Regions of the Central Mediterranean Inferred From Seismic Surface Waves M. Agius et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010394
- SASSIER22: Full‐Waveform Tomography of the Eastern Indonesian Region That Includes Topography, Bathymetry, and the Fluid Ocean D. Wehner et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010563
- Earthquake Characteristics and Structural Properties of the Southern Tyrrhenian Basin from Full Seismic Wave Simulations C. Nardoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-023-09769-w
- Estimation of Seismic Attenuation from Ambient Noise Coda Waves: Application to the Hellenic Subduction Zone P. Ranjan & L. Stehly https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230265
- Kinematics of the 30 October 2020 Mw 7.0 Néon Karlovásion (Samos) earthquake in the Eastern Aegean Sea: Implications on source characteristics and dynamic rupture simulations T. Taymaz et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2022.229223
- WUS256: An Adjoint Waveform Tomography Model of the Crust and Upper Mantle of the Western United States for Improved Waveform Simulations A. Rodgers et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024549
- Local earthquake tomography of the Aegean crust: Implications for active deformation, large earthquakes, and arc volcanism P. Ranjan & K. Konstantinou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230331
- OpenSWI: a massive-scale benchmark dataset for surface wave dispersion curve inversion F. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2769-2026
- First generation of a three-dimensional tomographic model for the uppermost mantle beneath the Zagros collision zone—constraints from full-waveform inversion N. Masouminia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-024-01386-4
- Remnant Tethyan slab fragments beneath northern Türkiye J. Confal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119458
- Adjoint Waveform Tomography of South America C. Ciardelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022575
- Whole-mantle tomography beneath eastern Mediterranean and adjacent regions G. Toyokuni & D. Zhao https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf086
- Influence of Upper Mantle Anisotropy on Isotropic P‐Wave Tomography Images Obtained in the Eastern Mediterranean Region J. Confal et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018559
- Lithospheric structure of the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Inferences from surface wave tomography and stochastic inversions constrained by wide-angle refraction measurements A. El-Sharkawy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2021.229159
- Full‐Waveform Tomography of the African Plate Using Dynamic Mini‐Batches D. van Herwaarden et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB026023
39 citations as recorded by crossref.
- On seismic gradiometric wave equation inversion for density M. Faber & A. Curtis https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggae097
- 全球地震层析成像揭示深部地幔特提斯洋俯冲板片残留 泽. 王 et al. https://doi.org/10.1360/SSTe-2023-0030
- Global seismic tomography reveals remnants of subducted Tethyan oceanic slabs in the deep mantle Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-023-1166-2
- Crustal Rheology and Fluid Migration Control the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan, China, Earthquake X. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220250040
- The structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East D. McKenzie https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-020-00038-1
- Long‐Distance Asthenospheric Transport of Plume‐Influenced Mantle From Afar to Anatolia J. Hua et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010605
- Mitigating the effect of errors in source parameters on seismic (waveform) tomography N. Blom et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggac314
- Seismic structure of African slab beneath Antalya bay southern Turkey I. Medved & G. Polat https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2025.230720
- Study of passive seismic tomography with various grid by using Matlab I. Palupi et al. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1568/1/012026
- Structure of the northwestern North Anatolian Fault Zone imaged via teleseismic scattering tomography S. Rost et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab265
- Adjoint tomography of the Italian lithosphere F. Magnoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00397-7
- Bayesian Seismic Source Inversion With a 3‐D Earth Model of the Japanese Islands S. Simutė et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024231
- Geophysical‐Petrological Model for Bidirectional Mantle Delamination of the Adria Microplate Beneath the Northern Apennines and Dinarides Orogenic Systems W. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024800
- Full Waveform Inversion Beneath the Central Andes: Insight Into the Dehydration of the Nazca Slab and Delamination of the Back‐Arc Lithosphere Y. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB021984
- Mantle flow dynamics and formation of the curved Calabrian subduction zone Y. Hua et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2026.120112
- An enhanced view on the Mediterranean Sea crust from potential fields data D. Sampietro et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35282-6
- Seismic structure beneath western Pacific and adjacent regions from seismic full-waveform inversion Z. Jin et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf463
- Neotectonics and earthquake preparedness in Türkiye: embedding geological foresight in urban planning N. Görür & A. Yildiz https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2025.2611949
- Seismic detection using submarine cable polarization signals with machine learning M. Caruso et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03434-x
- A new-generation multiparameter elastic model of the crust and upper mantle of the greater Alpine area and the Apennines using teleseismic full waveform inversion: data, method and models N. Mohammadi et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggag174
- Gravity for Lithosphere Architecture Determination and Analysis: the Central Eastern Mediterranean case study D. Sampietro & M. Capponi https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.13146
- SASSY21: A 3‐D Seismic Structural Model of the Lithosphere and Underlying Mantle Beneath Southeast Asia From Multi‐Scale Adjoint Waveform Tomography D. Wehner et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022930
- Electrical parameter estimation of the soil using GPR and full waveform inversion: a case study in Colombia J. Serrano-Luna et al. https://doi.org/10.18273/revbol.v45n2-2023008
- Improved Earthquake Source Parameters with 3D Wavespeed Models in California and Nevada C. Doody et al. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220240011
- Shear‐Velocity Structure and Dynamics Beneath the Sicily Channel and Surrounding Regions of the Central Mediterranean Inferred From Seismic Surface Waves M. Agius et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010394
- SASSIER22: Full‐Waveform Tomography of the Eastern Indonesian Region That Includes Topography, Bathymetry, and the Fluid Ocean D. Wehner et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010563
- Earthquake Characteristics and Structural Properties of the Southern Tyrrhenian Basin from Full Seismic Wave Simulations C. Nardoni et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-023-09769-w
- Estimation of Seismic Attenuation from Ambient Noise Coda Waves: Application to the Hellenic Subduction Zone P. Ranjan & L. Stehly https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230265
- Kinematics of the 30 October 2020 Mw 7.0 Néon Karlovásion (Samos) earthquake in the Eastern Aegean Sea: Implications on source characteristics and dynamic rupture simulations T. Taymaz et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2022.229223
- WUS256: An Adjoint Waveform Tomography Model of the Crust and Upper Mantle of the Western United States for Improved Waveform Simulations A. Rodgers et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024549
- Local earthquake tomography of the Aegean crust: Implications for active deformation, large earthquakes, and arc volcanism P. Ranjan & K. Konstantinou https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2024.230331
- OpenSWI: a massive-scale benchmark dataset for surface wave dispersion curve inversion F. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-2769-2026
- First generation of a three-dimensional tomographic model for the uppermost mantle beneath the Zagros collision zone—constraints from full-waveform inversion N. Masouminia et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11600-024-01386-4
- Remnant Tethyan slab fragments beneath northern Türkiye J. Confal et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2025.119458
- Adjoint Waveform Tomography of South America C. Ciardelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022575
- Whole-mantle tomography beneath eastern Mediterranean and adjacent regions G. Toyokuni & D. Zhao https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaf086
- Influence of Upper Mantle Anisotropy on Isotropic P‐Wave Tomography Images Obtained in the Eastern Mediterranean Region J. Confal et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018559
- Lithospheric structure of the eastern Mediterranean Sea: Inferences from surface wave tomography and stochastic inversions constrained by wide-angle refraction measurements A. El-Sharkawy et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2021.229159
- Full‐Waveform Tomography of the African Plate Using Dynamic Mini‐Batches D. van Herwaarden et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB026023
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Latest update: 01 Aug 2026
Short summary
We have developed a model of the Earth's structure in the upper 500 km beneath the central and eastern Mediterranean. Within this model, we can see parts of the African tectonic plate that have sunk underneath the European plate over the past tens of millions of years. This model was constructed using seismic waveform tomography by matching the seismograms from many earthquakes recorded at the surface to synthetic seismograms that were generated by simulating earthquake wave propagation.
We have developed a model of the Earth's structure in the upper 500 km beneath the central and...
