Articles | Volume 8, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-235-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-235-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
23 Feb 2017
Research article |
| 23 Feb 2017
The deep Earth origin of the Iceland plume and its effects on regional surface uplift and subsidence
Nicholas Barnett-Moore
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Earthbyte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Rakib Hassan
Earthbyte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
Nicolas Flament
Earthbyte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
now at: School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Dietmar Müller
Earthbyte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Cited
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Constraining the tectonic evolution of rifted continental margins by U–Pb calcite dating Å. Hestnes et al.
- Stratigraphic framework for the plume mode of mantle convection and the analysis of interregional unconformities on geological maps A. Friedrich et al.
- The uplift of the East Africa - Arabia swell A. Sembroni et al.
- Palaeogeography and 3D variability of a dynamically uplifted shelf: Observations from seismic stratigraphy of the Palaeocene East Shetland Platform L. Valore et al.
- Weak orogenic lithosphere guides the pattern of plume-triggered supercontinent break-up Z. Dang et al.
- Tracing the Iceland plume and North East Atlantic breakup in the lithosphere M. Gómez Dacal et al.
- P Wave Tomography Beneath Greenland and Surrounding Regions: 2. Lower Mantle G. Toyokuni et al.
- Synchronous exhumation episodes across Arctic Canada, North Greenland and Svalbard in relation to the Eurekan Orogeny P. Japsen et al.
- High-resolution sediment mass-budget of the Shetland Platform during the Paleocene–Early Eocene; constraints on external forcing by uplift and climate L. Valore et al.
- Multi-spheric interactions driven differential formation and accumulation of hydrocarbon resources in the North Sea Basin R. Zhu et al.
- New insights into the Cretaceous-Cenozoic tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the southern Lofoten margin, offshore Norway F. Tsikalas et al.
- The Bouvet Plume: Parameters, Evolution, and Interaction with the Triple Junction of Midocean Ridges in the South Atlantic A. Kirdyashkin et al.
- Using U–Pb carbonate dating to constrain the timing of extension and fault reactivation within the Bristol Channel Basin, SW England J. Connolly et al.
- The influence of mantle flow on intracontinental basins: Three examples from Australia A. Young et al.
- Present-day dynamic topography and lower-mantle structure from palaeogeographically constrained mantle flow models N. Flament
- 多圈层作用驱动北海盆地油气形成与富集 日. 朱 et al.
- The 2014–2015 Holuhraun Lava Flow-field in Iceland as a Planetary Analog for Young Volcanic Terrains in Elysium Planitia, Mars J. Voigt et al.
- Possible Role for Tectonics in the Evolving Stability of the Greenland Ice Sheet R. Alley et al.
- Manifestation of Tectonic and Climatic Perturbations in Deep-Time Stratigraphy – An Example From the Paleocene Succession Offshore Western Norway T. Sømme et al.
- Early Cenozoic Denudation of Central West Britain in Response to Transient and Permanent Uplift Above a Mantle Plume K. Łuszczak et al.
- Seismic structure of Iceland revealed by ambient noise Rayleigh wave tomography S. Zhang et al.
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Constraining the tectonic evolution of rifted continental margins by U–Pb calcite dating Å. Hestnes et al.
- Stratigraphic framework for the plume mode of mantle convection and the analysis of interregional unconformities on geological maps A. Friedrich et al.
- The uplift of the East Africa - Arabia swell A. Sembroni et al.
- Palaeogeography and 3D variability of a dynamically uplifted shelf: Observations from seismic stratigraphy of the Palaeocene East Shetland Platform L. Valore et al.
- Weak orogenic lithosphere guides the pattern of plume-triggered supercontinent break-up Z. Dang et al.
- Tracing the Iceland plume and North East Atlantic breakup in the lithosphere M. Gómez Dacal et al.
- P Wave Tomography Beneath Greenland and Surrounding Regions: 2. Lower Mantle G. Toyokuni et al.
- Synchronous exhumation episodes across Arctic Canada, North Greenland and Svalbard in relation to the Eurekan Orogeny P. Japsen et al.
- High-resolution sediment mass-budget of the Shetland Platform during the Paleocene–Early Eocene; constraints on external forcing by uplift and climate L. Valore et al.
- Multi-spheric interactions driven differential formation and accumulation of hydrocarbon resources in the North Sea Basin R. Zhu et al.
- New insights into the Cretaceous-Cenozoic tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the southern Lofoten margin, offshore Norway F. Tsikalas et al.
- The Bouvet Plume: Parameters, Evolution, and Interaction with the Triple Junction of Midocean Ridges in the South Atlantic A. Kirdyashkin et al.
- Using U–Pb carbonate dating to constrain the timing of extension and fault reactivation within the Bristol Channel Basin, SW England J. Connolly et al.
- The influence of mantle flow on intracontinental basins: Three examples from Australia A. Young et al.
- Present-day dynamic topography and lower-mantle structure from palaeogeographically constrained mantle flow models N. Flament
- 多圈层作用驱动北海盆地油气形成与富集 日. 朱 et al.
- The 2014–2015 Holuhraun Lava Flow-field in Iceland as a Planetary Analog for Young Volcanic Terrains in Elysium Planitia, Mars J. Voigt et al.
- Possible Role for Tectonics in the Evolving Stability of the Greenland Ice Sheet R. Alley et al.
- Manifestation of Tectonic and Climatic Perturbations in Deep-Time Stratigraphy – An Example From the Paleocene Succession Offshore Western Norway T. Sømme et al.
- Early Cenozoic Denudation of Central West Britain in Response to Transient and Permanent Uplift Above a Mantle Plume K. Łuszczak et al.
- Seismic structure of Iceland revealed by ambient noise Rayleigh wave tomography S. Zhang et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 25 Apr 2026
Short summary
We use 3D mantle flow models to investigate the evolution of the Iceland plume in the North Atlantic. Results show that over the last ~ 100 Myr a remarkably stable pattern of flow in the lowermost mantle beneath the region resulted in the formation of a plume nucleation site. At the surface, a model plume compared to published observables indicates that its large plume head, ~ 2500 km in diameter, arriving beneath eastern Greenland in the Palaeocene, can account for the volcanic record and uplift.
We use 3D mantle flow models to investigate the evolution of the Iceland plume in the North...
