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Articles | Volume 17, issue 10
Articles | Volume 17, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-17-1117-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-17-1117-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 17, issue 10
Research article
 | 
14 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 14 Oct 2026

Geothermal implications of the lithosphere's thermal structure in northern Pakistan

Muhammad Anees, David Hindle, Ernesto Meneses Rioseco, Jonas Kley, Bernd Leiss, Mumtaz Muhammad Shah, and Javed Akhter Qureshi

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Short summary
Northern Pakistan has many hot springs, but the lack of direct measurements leaves the temperatures deep beneath these mountains poorly constrained. Using computer models, we show that heat from naturally radioactive rocks and the upward movement of hot crust can produce unusually high underground temperatures, especially beneath steep valleys. Our results identify deep valleys in the Nanga Parbat and Karakoram regions as promising areas for future geothermal exploration.
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