Articles | Volume 12, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-171-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
25 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 25 Jan 2021
| 25 Jan 2021
Effect of normal stress on the frictional behavior of brucite: application to slow earthquakes at the subduction plate interface in the mantle wedge
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
Department of Ocean Floor Geoscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8564 Chiba, Japan
Ikuo Katayama
Department of Earth and Planetary Systems Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi–Hiroshima, 739-8526 Hiroshima, Japan
Hiroshi Sakuma
Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Ibaraki, Japan
Kenji Kawai
Department of Earth and Planetary Science, School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
Related authors
No articles found.
Susumu Umino, Gregory F. Moore, Brian Boston, Rosalind Coggon, Laura Crispini, Steven D'Hondt, Michael O. Garcia, Takeshi Hanyu, Frieder Klein, Nobukazu Seama, Damon A. H. Teagle, Masako Tominaga, Mikiya Yamashita, Michelle Harris, Benoit Ildefonse, Ikuo Katayama, Yuki Kusano, Yohey Suzuki, Elizabeth Trembath-Reichert, Yasuhiro Yamada, Natsue Abe, Nan Xiao, and Fumio Inagaki
Sci. Dril., 29, 69–82, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-29-69-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-29-69-2021, 2021
Cited articles
Angiboust, S. and Agard, P.:
Initial water budget: The key to detaching large volumes of eclogitized oceanic crust along the subduction channel?,
Lithos,
120, 453–474, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2010.09.007, 2010.
Anthony, J. L. and Marone, C.:
Influence of particle characteristics on granular friction,
J. Geophys. Res.,
110, B08409, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JB003399, 2005.
Audet, P. and Kim, Y.:
Teleseismic constraints on the geological environment of deep episodic slow earthquakes in subduction zone forearcs: A review,
Tectonophysics,
670, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2016.01.005, 2016.
Audet, P., Bostock, M. G., Christensen, N. I., and Peacock, S. M.:
Seismic evidence for overpressured subducted oceanic crust and megathrust fault sealing,
Nature,
457, 76–78, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07650, 2009.
Berman, H.:
Fibrous Brucite from Quebec,
Am. Mineral.,
17, 313–316, 1932.
Bhattacharya, P., Rubin, A. M., Bayart, E., Savage, H. M., and Marone, C.:
Critical evaluation of state evolution laws in rate and state friction: Fitting large velocity steps in simulated fault gouge with time-, slip-, and stress-dependent constitutive laws,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
120, 6365–6385, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012437, 2015.
Bhattacharya, P., Rubin, A. M., and Beeler, N. M.:
Does fault strengthening in laboratory rock friction experiments really depend primarily upon time and not slip?,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
122, 6389–6430, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JB013936, 2017.
Blanpied, M. L., Marone, C. J., Lockner, D. A., Byerlee, J. D., and King, D. P.:
Quantitative measure of the variation in fault rheology due to fluid-rock interactions,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
103, 9691–9712, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JB00162, 1998.
Bostock, M. G., Hyndman, R. D., Rondenay, S., and Peacock, S. M.:
An inverted continental Moho and serpentinization of the forearc mantle,
Nature,
417, 536–538, https://doi.org/10.1038/417536a, 2002.
Calvert, A. J., Bostock, M. G., Savard, G., and Unsworth, M. J.:
Cascadia low frequency earthquakes at the base of an overpressured subduction shear zone,
Nat. Commun.,
11, 3874, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17609-3, 2020.
Christensen, N. I.:
Serpentinites, Peridotites, and Seismology,
Int. Geol. Rev.,
46, 795–816, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.46.9.795, 2004.
Collettini, C., Viti, C., Smith, S. A. F., and Holdsworth, R. E.:
Development of interconnected talc networks and weakening of continental low-angle normal faults,
Geology,
37, 567–570, https://doi.org/10.1130/G25645A.1, 2009.
D'Antonio, M. and Kristensen, M. B.:
Serpentine and brucite of ultramafic clasts from the South Chamorro Seamount (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 195, Site 1200): inferences for the serpentinization of the Mariana forearc mantle,
Mineral. Mag.,
68, 887–904, https://doi.org/10.1180/0026461046860229, 2004.
Deer, W. A., Howie, R. A., and Zussman, J.:
An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals, 3rd edn.,
The Mineralogical Society, London, UK, 2013.
den Hartog, S. A. M. and Spiers, C. J.:
A microphysical model for fault gouge friction applied to subduction megathrusts,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
119, 1510–1529, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JB010580, 2014.
den Hartog, S. A. M., Peach, C. J., de Winter, D. A. M., Spiers, C. J., and Shimamoto, T.:
Frictional properties of megathrust fault gouges at low sliding velocities: New data on effects of normal stress and temperature,
J. Struct. Geol.,
38, 156–171, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2011.12.001, 2012.
DeShon, H. R. and Schwartz, S. Y.:
Evidence for serpentinization of the forearc mantle wedge along the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
31, L21611, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL021179, 2004.
Dieterich, J. H.:
Modeling of rock friction: 1. Experimental results and constitutive equations,
J. Geophys. Res.,
84, 2161, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB084iB05p02161, 1979.
Dorbath, C., Gerbault, M., Carlier, G., and Guiraud, M.:
Double seismic zone of the Nazca plate in northern Chile: High-resolution velocity structure, petrological implications, and thermomechanical modeling,
Geochem. Geophy. Geosy.,
9, Q07006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002020, 2008.
Eberhart-Phillips, D. and Reyners, M.:
Imaging the Hikurangi Plate interface region, with improved local-earthquake tomography,
Geophys. J. Int.,
190, 1221–1242, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2012.05553.x, 2012.
Evans, B. W., Hattori, K., and Baronnet, A.:
Serpentinite: What, Why, Where?,
Elements,
9, 99–106, https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.99, 2013.
Fagereng, Å. and den Hartog, S. A. M.:
Subduction megathrust creep governed by pressure solution and frictional–viscous flow,
Nat. Geosci.,
10, 51–57, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2857, 2017.
French, M. E. and Condit, C. B.:
Slip partitioning along an idealized subduction plate boundary at deep slow slip conditions,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
528, 115828, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115828, 2019.
Gao, X. and Wang, K.:
Rheological separation of the megathrust seismogenic zone and episodic tremor and slip,
Nature,
543, 416–419, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature21389, 2017.
Giorgetti, C., Carpenter, B. M., and Collettini, C.:
Frictional behavior of talc-calcite mixtures,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
120, 6614–6633, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB011970, 2015.
Guillot, S. and Hattori, K.:
Serpentinites: Essential roles in geodynamics, arc volcanism, sustainabled, and the origin of life,
Elements,
9, 95–98, https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.95, 2013.
Guillot, S., Hattori, K., Agard, P., Schwartz, S., and Vidal, O.:
Exhumation processes in oceanic and continental subduction conetxts: a review,
in: Subduction zone geodynamics,
edited by: Lallemand, S. and Funiciello, F.,
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, 175–205, 2009.
Guillot, S., Schwartz, S., Reynard, B., Agard, P., and Prigent, C.:
Tectonic significance of serpentinites,
Tectonophysics,
646, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.01.020, 2015.
Haines, S. H., Kaproth, B., Marone, C., Saffer, D. M., and van der Pluijm, B. A.:
Shear zones in clay-rich fault gouge: A laboratory study of fabric development and evolution,
J. Struct. Geol.,
51, 206–225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2013.01.002, 2013.
Hirauchi, K., den Hartog, S. A. M., and Spiers, C. J.:
Weakening of the slab–mantle wedge interface induced by metasomatic growth of talc,
Geology,
41, 75–78, https://doi.org/10.1130/G33552.1, 2013.
Hirth, G. and Beeler, N. M.:
The role of fluid pressure on frictional behavior at the base of the seismogenic zone,
Geology,
43, 223–226, https://doi.org/10.1130/G36361.1, 2015.
Hirth, G. and Guillot, S.:
Rheology and tectonic significance of serpentinite,
Elements,
9, 107–113, https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.107, 2013.
Horn, H. M. and Deere, D. U.:
Frictional characteristics of minerals,
Géotechnique,
12, 319–335, https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1962.12.4.319, 1962.
Hostetler, P. B., Coleman, R. G., Mumpton, F. A., and Evans, B. W.:
Brucite in Alpine Serpentinites,
Am. Mineral.,
51, 75–98, 1966.
Hyndman, R. D. and Peacock, S. M.:
Serpentinization of the forearc mantle,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
212, 417–432, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00263-2, 2003.
Ide, S., Beroza, G. C., Shelly, D. R., and Uchide, T.:
A scaling law for slow earthquakes,
Nature,
447, 76–79, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature05780, 2007.
Ikari, M. J., Marone, C., Saffer, D. M., and Kopf, A. J.:
Slip weakening as a mechanism for slow earthquakes,
Nat. Geosci.,
6, 468–472, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1818, 2013.
Ikari, M. J., Carpenter, B. M., and Marone, C.:
A microphysical interpretation of rate- and state-dependent friction for fault gouge,
Geochem. Geophy. Geosy.,
17, 1660–1677, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006286, 2016.
Kawahara, H., Endo, S., Wallis, S. R., Nagaya, T., Mori, H., and Asahara, Y.:
Brucite as an important phase of the shallow mantle wedge: Evidence from the Shiraga unit of the Sanbagawa subduction zone, SW Japan,
Lithos,
254–255, 53–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.02.022, 2016.
Kawai, K., Sakuma, H., Katayama, I., and Tamura, K.:
Frictional characteristics of single and polycrystalline muscovite and influence of fluid chemistry,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
120, 6209–6218, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JB012286, 2015.
Kawakatsu, H. and Watada, S.:
Seismic evidence for deep-water transportation in the mantle,
Science,
316, 1468–1471, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1140855, 2007.
Kenigsberg, A. R., Rivière, J., Marone, C., and Saffer, D. M.:
The effects of shear strain, fabric, and porosity evolution on elastic and mechanical properties of clay-rich fault gouge,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
10968–10982, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017944, 2019.
Kenigsberg, A. R., Rivière, J., Marone, C., and Saffer, D. M.:
Evolution of Elastic and Mechanical Properties During Fault Shear: The Roles of Clay Content, Fabric Development, and Porosity,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
125, e2019JB018612, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018612, 2020.
Leeman, J. R., Saffer, D. M., Scuderi, M. M., and Marone, C.:
Laboratory observations of slow earthquakes and the spectrum of tectonic fault slip modes,
Nat. Commun.,
7, 11104, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11104, 2016.
Leeman, J. R., Marone, C., and Saffer, D. M.:
Frictional mechanics of slow earthquakes,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
123, 7931–7949, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB015768, 2018.
Liu, Y. and Rice, J. R.:
Spontaneous and triggered aseismic deformation transients in a subduction fault model,
J. Geophys. Res.,
112, B09404, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB004930, 2007.
Liu, Y. and Rice, J. R.:
Slow slip predictions based on granite and gabbro friction data compared to GPS measurements in northern Cascadia,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
114, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006142, 2009.
Logan, J. M. and Rauenzahn, K. A.:
Frictional dependence of gouge mixtures of quartz and montmorillonite on velocity, composition and fabric,
Tectonophysics,
144, 87–108, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(87)90010-2, 1987.
Logan, J. M., Freidman, M., Higgs, N., Dengo, C., and Shimamoto, T.: Experimental studies of simulated fault gouge and their application to studies of natural fault zones, in: Proc. Conf. VIII – Analysis of Actual Fault Zones in Bedrock, U.S. Geological Survey, 305–343, 1979.
Logan, J. M., Dengo, C. A., Higgs, N. G., and Wang, Z. Z.:
Fabrics of experimental fault zones: Their development and eelationship to mechanical behavior,
in: Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rocks,
edited by: Evans, B, and Wong, T. F.,
Elsevier, London, 33–67, 1992.
Manning, C. E.:
Coupled reaction and flow in subduction zones: Silica metasomatism in the mantle wedge,
in: Fluid Flow and Transport in Rocks,
edited by Jamtveit, B. and Yardley, B. W. D.,
Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 139–148, 1997.
Marone, C.:
Laboratory-derived friction laws and their application to seismic faulting,
Annu. Rev. Earth Pl. Sc.,
26, 643–696, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.26.1.643, 1998.
Marone, C. and Kilgore, B. D.:
Scaling of the critical slip distance for seismic faulting with shear strain in fault zones,
Nature,
362, 618–621, https://doi.org/10.1038/362618a0, 1993.
Matsubara, M., Obara, K., and Kasahara, K.:
High-VP/VS zone accompanying non-volcanic tremors and slow-slip events beneath southwestern Japan,
Tectonophysics,
472, 6–17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2008.06.013, 2009.
Matsuzawa, T., Hirose, H., Shibazaki, B., and Obara, K.:
Modeling short- and long-term slow slip events in the seismic cycles of large subduction earthquakes,
J. Geophys. Res.,
115, B12301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007566, 2010.
Mizukami, T., Yokoyama, H., Hiramatsu, Y., Arai, S., Kawahara, H., Nagaya, T., and Wallis, S. R.:
Two types of antigorite serpentinite controlling heterogeneous slow-slip behaviours of slab–mantle interface,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
401, 148–158, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.009, 2014.
Moore, D. E. and Lockner, D. A.:
Crystallographic controls on the frictional behavior of dry and water-saturated sheet structure minerals,
J. Geophys. Res.,
109, B03401, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002582, 2004.
Moore, D. E. and Lockner, D. A.:
Comparative deformation behavior of minerals in serpentinized ultramafic rock: Application to the slab-mantle interface in subduction zones,
Int. Geol. Rev.,
49, 401–415, https://doi.org/10.2747/0020-6814.49.5.401, 2007.
Moore, D. E. and Lockner, D. A.:
Talc friction in the temperature range 25∘–400 ∘C: Relevance for Fault-Zone Weakening,
Tectonophysics,
449, 120–132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.039, 2008.
Moore, D. E. and Lockner, D. A.:
Frictional strengths of talc-serpentine and talc-quartz mixtures,
J. Geophys. Res.,
116, B01403, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007881, 2011.
Moore, D. E., Lockner, D. A., Ma, S., Summers, R., and Byerlee, J. D.:
Strengths of serpentinite gouges at elevated temperatures,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
102, 14787–14801, https://doi.org/10.1029/97JB00995, 1997.
Moore, D. E., Lockner, D. A., Iwata, K., Tanaka, H., and Byerlee, J. D.:
How brucite may affect the frictional properties of serpentinite, USGS Open-File Report, U.S. Geological Survey, 1–14, 2001.
Morrow, C. A., Moore, D. E., and Lockner, D. A.:
The effect of mineral bond strength and adsorbed water on fault gouge frictional strength,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
27, 815–818, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL008401, 2000.
Nagaya, T., Okamoto, A., Oyanagi, R., Seto, Y., Miyake, A., Uno, M., Muto, J., and Wallis, S. R.:
Crystallographic preferred orientation of talc determined by an improved EBSD procedure for sheet silicates: Implications for anisotropy at the slab–mantle interface due to Si-metasomatism,
Am. Mineral.,
105, 873–893, https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2020-7006, 2020.
Nakajima, J., Tsuji, Y., Hasegawa, A., Kita, S., Okada, T., and Matsuzawa, T.:
Tomographic imaging of hydrated crust and mantle in the subducting Pacific slab beneath Hokkaido, Japan: Evidence for dehydration embrittlement as a cause of intraslab earthquakes,
Gondwana Res.,
16, 470–481, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2008.12.010, 2009.
Niemeijer, A. R.:
Velocity-dependent slip weakening by the combined operation of pressure solution and foliation development,
Sci. Rep.-UK,
8, 4724, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-22889-3, 2018.
Niemeijer, A. R. and Spiers, C. J.:
A microphysical model for strong velocity weakening in phyllosilicate-bearing fault gouges,
J. Geophys. Res.,
112, B10405, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007JB005008, 2007.
Noda, H. and Shimamoto, T.:
Constitutive properties of clayey fault gouge from the Hanaore fault zone, southwest Japan,
J. Geophys. Res.,
114, B04409, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005683, 2009.
Noda, H. and Takahashi, M.:
The effective stress law at a brittle-plastic transition with a halite gouge layer,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
43, 1966–1972, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL067544, 2016.
Obara, K.:
Nonvolcanic Deep Tremor Associated with Subduction in Southwest Japan,
Science,
296, 1679–1681, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1070378, 2002.
Obara, K. and Kato, A.:
Connecting slow earthquakes to huge earthquakes,
Science,
353, 253–257, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf1512, 2016.
Okamoto, A. S., Verberne, B. A., Niemeijer, A. R., Takahashi, M., Shimizu, I., Ueda, T., and Spiers, C. J.:
Frictional properties of simulated chlorite gouge at hydrothermal conditions: Implications for subduction megathrusts,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
124, 4545–4565, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB017205, 2019.
Okazaki, K. and Katayama, I.:
Slow stick slip of antigorite serpentinite under hydrothermal conditions as a possible mechanism for slow earthquakes,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
42, 1099–1104, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062735, 2015.
Okuda, H., Kawai, K., and Sakuma, H.:
First-principles investigation of frictional characteristics of brucite: An application to its macroscopic frictional characteristics,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
124, 10423–10443, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB017740, 2019.
Oleskevich, D. A., Hyndman, R. D., and Wang, K.:
The updip and downdip limits to great subduction earthquakes: Thermal and structural models of Cascadia, south Alaska, SW Japan, and Chile,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
104, 14965–14991, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JB900060, 1999.
Oyanagi, R., Okamoto, A., Hirano, N., and Tsuchiya, N.:
Competitive hydration and dehydration at olivine–quartz boundary revealed by hydrothermal experiments: Implications for silica metasomatism at the crust–mantle boundary,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
425, 44–54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.05.046, 2015.
Oyanagi, R., Okamoto, A., and Tsuchiya, N.:
Silica controls on hydration kinetics during serpentinization of olivine: Insights from hydrothermal experiments and a reactive transport model,
Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac.,
270, 21–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.11.017, 2020.
Peacock, S. M. and Hyndman, R. D.:
Hydrous minerals in the mantle wedge and the maximum depth of subduction thrust earthquakes,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
26, 2517–2520, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900558, 1999.
Peacock, S. M. and Wang, K.:
Seismic consequences of warm versus cool subduction metamorphism: Examples from southwest and northeast Japan,
Science,
286, 937–939, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5441.937, 1999.
Ramachandran, K. and Hyndman, R. D.: The fate of fluids released from subducting slab in northern Cascadia, Solid Earth, 3, 121–129, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-3-121-2012, 2012.
Reinen, L. A., Weeks, J. D., and Tullis, T. E.:
The frictional behavior of lizardite and antigorite serpentinites: Experiments, constitutive models, and implications for natural faults,
Pure Appl. Geophys.,
143, 317–358, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874334, 1994.
Reynard, B.:
Serpentine in active subduction zones,
Lithos,
178, 171–185, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.10.012, 2013.
Rogers, G. and Dragert, H.:
Episodic tremor and slip on the Cascadia subduction zone: The chatter of silent slip,
Science,
300, 1942–1943, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1084783, 2003.
Rubin, A. M.:
Episodic slow slip events and rate-and-state friction,
J. Geophys. Res.,
113, B11414, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB005642, 2008.
Rubinstein, J. L., Vidale, J. E., Gomberg, J., Bodin, P., Creager, K. C., and Malone, S. D.:
Non-volcanic tremor driven by large transient shear stresses,
Nature,
448, 579–582, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06017, 2007.
Rubinstein, J. L., La Rocca, M., Vidale, J. E., Creager, K. C., and Wech, A. G.:
Tidal Modulation of Nonvolcanic Tremor,
Science,
319, 186–189, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1150558, 2008.
Ruina, A. L.:
Slip instability and state variable friction laws,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
88, 10359–10370, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB088iB12p10359, 1983.
Saffer, D. M. and Marone, C.:
Comparison of smectite- and illite-rich gouge frictional properties: application to the updip limit of the seismogenic zone along subduction megathrusts,
Earth Planet. Sc. Lett.,
215, 219–235, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00424-2, 2003.
Sánchez-Roa, C., Faulkner, D. R., Boulton, C., Jimenez-Millan, J., and Nieto, F.:
How phyllosilicate mineral structure affects fault strength in Mg-rich fault systems,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
44, 5457–5467, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL073055, 2017.
Schmidt, D. A., and Gao, H.:
Source parameters and time-dependent slip distributions of slow slip events on the Cascadia subduction zone from 1998 to 2008,
J. Geophys. Res.,
115, B00A18, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JB006045, 2010.
Segall, P., Rubin, A. M., Bradley, A. M., and Rice, J. R.:
Dilatant strengthening as a mechanism for slow slip events,
J. Geophys. Res.,
115, B12305, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB007449, 2010.
Shelly, D. R., Beroza, G. C., Ide, S., and Nakamula, S.:
Low-frequency earthquakes in Shikoku, Japan, and their relationship to episodic tremor and slip,
Nature,
442, 188–191, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04931, 2006.
Shibazaki, B. and Iio, Y.:
On the physical mechanism of silent slip events along the deeper part of the seismogenic zone,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
30, 1489, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017047, 2003.
Shimamoto, T. and Logan, J. M.:
Effects of simulated clay gouges on the sliding behavior of Tennessee sandstone,
Tectonophysics,
75, 243–255, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(81)90276-6, 1981.
Siman-Tov, S., Aharonov, E., Sagy, A., and Emmanuel, S.:
Nanograins form carbonate fault mirrors,
Geology,
41, 703–706, https://doi.org/10.1130/G34087.1, 2013.
Skarbek, R. M. and Savage, H. M.:
RSFit3000: A MATLAB GUI-based program for determining rate and state frictional parameters from experimental data,
Geosphere,
15, 1665–1676, https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02122.1, 2019.
Song, T.-R. A. and Kim, Y.:
Localized seismic anisotropy associated with long-term slow-slip events beneath southern Mexico,
Geophys. Res. Lett.,
39, L09308, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051324, 2012.
Takahashi, M., Mizoguchi, K., Kitamura, K., and Masuda, K.:
Effects of clay content on the frictional strength and fluid transport property of faults,
J. Geophys. Res.,
112, B08206, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004678, 2007.
Takahashi, M., Uehara, S.-I., Mizoguchi, K., Shimizu, I., Okazaki, K., and Masuda, K.:
On the transient response of serpentine (antigorite) gouge to stepwise changes in slip velocity under high-temperature conditions,
J. Geophys. Res.,
116, B10405, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JB008062, 2011.
Tarling, M. S., Smith, S. A. F., and Scott, J. M.:
Fluid overpressure from chemical reactions in serpentinite within the source region of deep episodic tremor,
Nat. Geosci.,
12, 1034–1042, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0470-z, 2019.
Tembe, S., Lockner, D. A., and Wong, T.-F.:
Effect of clay content and mineralogy on frictional sliding behavior of simulated gouges: Binary and ternary mixtures of quartz, illite, and montmorillonite,
J. Geophys. Res.,
115, B03416, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JB006383, 2010.
Tesei, T., Harbord, C. W. A., De Paola, N., Collettini, C., and Viti, C.:
Friction of mineralogically controlled serpentinites and implications for fault weakness,
J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea.,
123, 6976–6991, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016058, 2018.
Verberne, B. A., De Bresser, J. H. P., Niemeijer, A. R., Spiers, C. J., de Winter, D. A. M., and Plümper, O.:
Nanocrystalline slip zones in calcite fault gouge show intense crystallographic preferred orientation: Crystal plasticity at sub-seismic slip rates at 18–150 ∘C,
Geology,
41, 863–866, https://doi.org/10.1130/G34279.1, 2013.
Verberne, B. A., Spiers, C. J., Niemeijer, A. R., De Bresser, J. H. P., de Winter, D. A. M., and Plümper, O.:
Frictional properties and microstructure of calcite-rich fault gouges sheared at sub-seismic sliding velocities,
Pure Appl. Geophys.,
171, 2617–2640, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-013-0760-0, 2014a.
Verberne, B. A., Plümper, O., de Winter, D. A. M., and Spiers, C. J.:
Superplastic nanofibrous slip zones control seismogenic fault friction,
Science,
346, 1342–1344, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259003, 2014b.
Viti, C.:
Exploring fault rocks at the nanoscale,
J. Struct. Geol.,
33, 1715–1727, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2011.10.005, 2011.
Short summary
Serpentinite, generated by the hydration of ultramafic rocks, is thought to be related to slow earthquakes at the subduction plate interface in the mantle wedge. We conducted friction experiments on brucite, one of the components of serpentinite, and found that wet brucite exhibits low and unstable friction under low effective normal stress conditions. This result suggests that wet brucite may be key for slow earthquakes at the subduction plate interface in a hydrated mantle wedge.
Serpentinite, generated by the hydration of ultramafic rocks, is thought to be related to slow...
