Articles | Volume 13, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1585-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1585-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
21 Oct 2022
Research article |
| 21 Oct 2022
| 21 Oct 2022
The role of edge-driven convection in the generation ofvolcanism – Part 2: Interaction with mantle plumes, applied to the Canary Islands
Antonio Manjón-Cabeza Córdoba
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Sonnegstrasse 5, Zurich, Switzerland
Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, Sem Sælands vei 2A, Oslo, Norway
now at: Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, UGR-CSIC, Avda. de las Palmeras 4, Armilla (Granada), Spain
Maxim D. Ballmer
Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, 5 Gower Place, London, UK
Department of Earth Sciences, Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Sonnegstrasse 5, Zurich, Switzerland
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The study of intraplate volcanism can inform us about underlying mantle dynamic processes and thermal and/or compositional anomalies. Here, we investigated numerical models of mantle flow and melting of edge-driven convection (EDC), a potential origin for intraplate volcanism. Our most important conclusion is that EDC can only produce moderate amounts of mantle melting. By itself, EDC is insufficient to support the formation of voluminous island-building volcanism over several millions of years.
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We use numerical models to investigate the thermo-chemical evolution of a solid mantle during a magma ocean stage. When applied to the Earth, our study shows that the solid mantle and a magma ocean tend toward chemical equilibration before crystallisation of this magma ocean. Our findings suggest that a very strong chemical stratification of the solid mantle is unlikely to occur (as predicted by previous studies), which may explain why the Earth’s mantle is rather homogeneous in composition.
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Short summary
The origin of many volcanic archipelagos on the Earth remains uncertain. By using 3D modelling of mantle flow and melting, we investigate the interaction between the convective mantle near the continental–oceanic transition and rising hot plumes. We believe that this phenomenon is the origin behind some archipelagos, in particular the Canary Islands. Analysing our results, we reconcile observations that were previously enigmatic, such as the complex patterns of volcanism in the Canaries.
The origin of many volcanic archipelagos on the Earth remains uncertain. By using 3D modelling...
