Articles | Volume 12, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1389-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1389-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Jun 2021
Research article |
| 16 Jun 2021
| 16 Jun 2021
Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland
Sarah Mader
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geophysical Institute, Hertzstr. 16, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
Joachim R. R. Ritter
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Geophysical Institute, Hertzstr. 16, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
Klaus Reicherter
RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Neotectonics and Natural Hazards
Group, Lochnerstr. 4–20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
For further information regarding the team, please visit the link which appears at the end of the paper.
Related authors
No articles found.
Rashid Haider, Sajid Ali, Gösta Hoffmann, and Klaus Reicherter
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3279–3290, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3279-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3279-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The coastlines bordering the Arabian Sea have yielded various tsunamites reflecting its high hazard potential and recurrences. My PhD project aims at the estimation and zonation of the hazards and risks associated with. This publication is a continuation of the previous publication (Haider et al., 2023), which focused on hazard estimation through a multi-proxy approach. This part of the study estimates the risk potential through integrated tsunami inundation analysis.
Alejandro Jiménez Bonilla, Lucía Martegani, Miguel Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando Gázquez, Manuel Díaz-Azpíroz, Sergio Martos, Klaus Reicherter, and Inmaculada Expósito
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-142, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-142, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
We accomplished an interdisciplinary study to study the Fuente de Piedra (FdP) playa-lake evolution in southern Spain. We made water balances during the FdP lifespan . Our results indicate that the FdP playa-lake level moved and tilted towards SW caused by active faults.
Laura Gaßner and Joachim Ritter
Solid Earth, 14, 785–803, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-785-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-785-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In this work we analyze signals emitted from wind turbines. They induce sound as well as ground motion waves which propagate through the subsurface and are registered by sensitive instruments. In our data we observe when these signals are present and how strong they are. Some signals are present in ground motion and sound data, providing the opportunity to study similarities and better characterize emissions. Furthermore, we study the amplitudes with distance to improve the signal prediction.
Claudia Finger, Marco P. Roth, Marco Dietl, Aileen Gotowik, Nina Engels, Rebecca M. Harrington, Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun, Klaus Reicherter, Thomas Oswald, Thomas Reinsch, and Erik H. Saenger
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2655–2666, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2655-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2655-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Passive seismic analyses are a key technology for geothermal projects. The Lower Rhine Embayment, at the western border of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany, is a geologically complex region with high potential for geothermal exploitation. Here, we report on a passive seismic dataset recorded with 48 seismic stations and a total extent of 20 km. We demonstrate that the network design allows for the application of state-of-the-art seismological methods.
Peter Biermanns, Benjamin Schmitz, Silke Mechernich, Christopher Weismüller, Kujtim Onuzi, Kamil Ustaszewski, and Klaus Reicherter
Solid Earth, 13, 957–974, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-957-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-957-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce two up to 7 km long normal fault scarps near the city of Bar (Montenegro). The fact that these widely visible seismogenic structures have never been described before is even less surprising than the circumstance that they apparently do not fit the tectonic setting that they are located in. By quantifying the age and movement of the newly discovered fault scarps and by partly re-interpreting local tectonics, we introduce approaches to explain how this is still compatible.
Christoph Grützner, Simone Aschenbrenner, Petra Jamšek
Rupnik, Klaus Reicherter, Nour Saifelislam, Blaž Vičič, Marko Vrabec, Julian Welte, and Kamil Ustaszewski
Solid Earth, 12, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2211-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2211-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Several large strike-slip faults in western Slovenia are known to be active, but most of them have not produced strong earthquakes in historical times. In this study we use geomorphology, near-surface geophysics, and fault excavations to show that two of these faults had surface-rupturing earthquakes during the Holocene. Instrumental and historical seismicity data do not capture the strongest events in this area.
Christopher Weismüller, Rahul Prabhakaran, Martijn Passchier, Janos L. Urai, Giovanni Bertotti, and Klaus Reicherter
Solid Earth, 11, 1773–1802, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1773-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1773-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We photographed a fractured limestone pavement with a drone to compare manual and automatic fracture tracing and analyze the evolution and spatial variation of the fracture network in high resolution. We show that automated tools can produce results comparable to manual tracing in shorter time but do not yet allow the interpretation of fracture generations. This work pioneers the automatic fracture mapping of a complete outcrop in detail, and the results can be used as fracture benchmark.
Christopher Weismüller, Janos L. Urai, Michael Kettermann, Christoph von Hagke, and Klaus Reicherter
Solid Earth, 10, 1757–1784, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1757-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1757-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We use drones to study surface geometries of massively dilatant faults (MDFs) in Iceland, with apertures up to tens of meters at the surface. Based on throw, aperture and structures, we define three geometrically different endmembers of the surface expression of MDFs and show that they belong to one continuum. The transition between the endmembers is fluent and can change at one fault over short distances, implying less distinct control of deeper structures on surface geometries than expected.
Sajid Ali, Peter Biermanns, Rashid Haider, and Klaus Reicherter
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 999–1022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-999-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-999-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Karakoram Highway (KKH) is an important physical connection between Pakistan and China. Landslides have been a major threat to its stability since its construction. After the announcement of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), KKH has had more importance. Geoscientists from research institutions in both countries are assessing landslide hazard and risk along the highway. In a PhD project, this paper will be followed by a detailed analysis of mass movements along the highway.
Sascha Schneiderwind, Jack Mason, Thomas Wiatr, Ioannis Papanikolaou, and Klaus Reicherter
Solid Earth, 7, 323–340, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-323-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-323-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Palaeoseismological research uses historical earthquakes to verify seismic hazard assessment. Earthquakes of magnitude M > 5.5 likely produce surface ruptures that can be preserved in the subsurface. Buried soils or progressive displacements are the main targets of trenching studies. However, the recognition of these features is challenging for inexperienced researchers. Here a workflow is presented which applies remote sensing and geophysical techniques to verify layer distinction.
M. Kettermann, C. Grützner, H. W. van Gent, J. L. Urai, K. Reicherter, and J. Mertens
Solid Earth, 6, 839–855, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-839-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-839-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper combines fieldwork, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and remote sensing in the jointed and faulted grabens area of Canyonlands National Park, Utah, USA. GPR profiles show that graben floors are subject to faulting, although the surface shows no scarps. We enhance evidence for the effect of preexisting joints on the formation of dilatant faults and provide a conceptual model for graben evolution. Correlating paleosols from outcrops and GPR adds to estimates of the age of the grabens.
M. Kehl, E. Eckmeier, S. O. Franz, F. Lehmkuhl, J. Soler, N. Soler, K. Reicherter, and G.-C. Weniger
Clim. Past, 10, 1673–1692, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1673-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1673-2014, 2014
B. Wagner, T. Wilke, S. Krastel, G. Zanchetta, R. Sulpizio, K. Reicherter, M. J. Leng, A. Grazhdani, S. Trajanovski, A. Francke, K. Lindhorst, Z. Levkov, A. Cvetkoska, J. M. Reed, X. Zhang, J. H. Lacey, T. Wonik, H. Baumgarten, and H. Vogel
Sci. Dril., 17, 19–29, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-17-19-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-17-19-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject area: Tectonic plate interactions, magma genesis, and lithosphere deformation at all scales | Editorial team: Seismics, seismology, paleoseismology, geoelectrics, and electromagnetics | Discipline: Seismology
Coda-derived source properties estimated using local earthquakes in the Sea of Marmara, Türkiye
Global seismic energy scaling relationships based on the type of faulting
The 2022 MW 6.0 Gölyaka–Düzce earthquake: an example of a medium-sized earthquake in a fault zone early in its seismic cycle
A new seismicity catalogue of the eastern Alps using the temporary Swath-D network
Two subduction-related heterogeneities beneath the Eastern Alps and the Bohemian Massif imaged by high-resolution P-wave tomography
Basin inversion: reactivated rift structures in the central Ligurian Sea revealed using ocean bottom seismometers
Moho and uppermost mantle structure in the Alpine area from S-to-P converted waves
COVID-19 lockdown effects on the seismic recordings in Central America
Present-day geodynamics of the Western Alps: new insights from earthquake mechanisms
Seismicity during and after stimulation of a 6.1 km deep enhanced geothermal system in Helsinki, Finland
Seismic gaps and intraplate seismicity around Rodrigues Ridge (Indian Ocean) from time domain array analysis
Rupture-dependent breakdown energy in fault models with thermo-hydro-mechanical processes
Potential influence of overpressurized gas on the induced seismicity in the St. Gallen deep geothermal project (Switzerland)
Seismicity characterization of oceanic earthquakes in the Mexican territory
Seismic waveform tomography of the central and eastern Mediterranean upper mantle
Influence of reservoir geology on seismic response during decameter-scale hydraulic stimulations in crystalline rock
Lithospheric and sublithospheric deformation under the Borborema Province of northeastern Brazil from receiver function harmonic stripping
Induced seismicity in geologic carbon storage
Moment magnitude estimates for central Anatolian earthquakes using coda waves
Event couple spectral ratio Q method for earthquake clusters: application to northwest Bohemia
Berkan Özkan, Tuna Eken, Peter Gaebler, and Tuncay Taymaz
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-721, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-721, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study estimates source properties by analyzing seismic data of 303 earthquakes (2018–2020) in Marmara Region, Turkey and finds a strong correlation between Mw-coda and ML. Moreover, the scaled energy increases with seismic moment estimates and shows non-self similar scaling in earthquake sources.
Quetzalcoatl Rodríguez-Pérez and F. Ramón Zúñiga
Solid Earth, 15, 229–249, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-229-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-229-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The behavior of seismic energy parameters and their possible dependence on the type of fault for globally detected earthquakes were studied. For this purpose, different energy estimation methods were used. Equations were obtained to convert energies obtained in different ways. The dependence of the seismic energy on the focal mechanism was confirmed up to depths close to 180 km. The results will help to explain the seismic rupture of earthquakes generated at greater depth.
Patricia Martínez-Garzón, Dirk Becker, Jorge Jara, Xiang Chen, Grzegorz Kwiatek, and Marco Bohnhoff
Solid Earth, 14, 1103–1121, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1103-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1103-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze the 2022 MW 6.0 Gölyaka sequence. A high-resolution seismicity catalog revealed no spatiotemporal localization and lack of immediate foreshocks. Aftershock distribution suggests the activation of the Karadere and Düzce faults. The preferential energy propagation suggests that the mainshock propagated eastwards, which is in agreement with predictions from models, where the velocity in the two sides of the fault is different.
Laurens Jan Hofman, Jörn Kummerow, Simone Cesca, and the AlpArray–Swath-D Working Group
Solid Earth, 14, 1053–1066, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1053-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1053-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We present an earthquake catalogue for the eastern and southern Alps based on data from a local temporary monitoring network. The methods we developed for the detection and localisation focus especially on very small earthquakes. This provides insight into the local geology and tectonics and provides an important base for future research in this part of the Alps.
Jaroslava Plomerová, Helena Žlebčíková, György Hetényi, Luděk Vecsey, Vladislav Babuška, and AlpArray-EASI and AlpArray working
groups
Solid Earth, 13, 251–270, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-251-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-251-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present high-resolution tomography images of upper mantle structure beneath the E Alps and the adjacent Bohemian Massif. The northward-dipping lithosphere, imaged down to ∼200 km beneath the E Alps without signs of delamination, is probably formed by a mixture of a fragment of detached European plate and the Adriatic plate subductions. A detached high-velocity anomaly, sub-parallel to and distinct from the E Alps heterogeneity, is imaged at ∼100–200 km beneath the southern part of the BM.
Martin Thorwart, Anke Dannowski, Ingo Grevemeyer, Dietrich Lange, Heidrun Kopp, Florian Petersen, Wayne C. Crawford, Anne Paul, and the AlpArray Working Group
Solid Earth, 12, 2553–2571, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2553-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2553-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We analyse broadband ocean bottom seismometer data of the AlpArray OBS network in the Ligurian Basin. Two earthquake clusters with thrust faulting focal mechanisms indicate compression of the rift basin. The locations of seismicity suggest reactivation of pre-existing rift structures and strengthening of crust and uppermost mantle during rifting-related extension. Slightly different striking directions of faults may mimic the anti-clockwise rotation of the Corsica–Sardinia block.
Rainer Kind, Stefan M. Schmid, Xiaohui Yuan, Benjamin Heit, Thomas Meier, and the AlpArray and AlpArray-SWATH-D Working Groups
Solid Earth, 12, 2503–2521, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2503-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2503-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A large amount of new seismic data from the greater Alpine area have been obtained within the AlpArray and SWATH-D projects. S-to-P converted seismic phases from the Moho and from the mantle lithosphere have been processed with a newly developed method. Examples of new observations are a rapid change in Moho depth at 13° E below the Tauern Window from 60 km in the west to 40 km in the east and a second Moho trough along the boundary of the Bohemian Massif towards the Western Carpathians.
Mario Arroyo-Solórzano, Diego Castro-Rojas, Frédérick Massin, Lepolt Linkimer, Ivonne Arroyo, and Robin Yani
Solid Earth, 12, 2127–2144, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2127-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2127-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We present the first seismic noise variation levels during COVID-19 in Central America using 10 seismometers. We study the impact of the seismic noise reduction on the detectability of earthquakes and on the felt reports. Our results show maximum values (~50 % decrease) at seismic stations near airports and densely inhabited cities. The decrease in seismic noise improved earthquake locations and reports. Seismic noise could also be useful to verify compliance with lockdown measures.
Marguerite Mathey, Christian Sue, Colin Pagani, Stéphane Baize, Andrea Walpersdorf, Thomas Bodin, Laurent Husson, Estelle Hannouz, and Bertrand Potin
Solid Earth, 12, 1661–1681, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1661-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1661-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This work features the highest-resolution seismic stress and strain fields available at the present time for the analysis of the active crustal deformation of the Western Alps. In this paper, we address a large dataset of newly computed focal mechanisms from a statistical standpoint, which allows us to suggest a joint control from far-field forces and from buoyancy forces on the present-day deformation of the Western Alps.
Maria Leonhardt, Grzegorz Kwiatek, Patricia Martínez-Garzón, Marco Bohnhoff, Tero Saarno, Pekka Heikkinen, and Georg Dresen
Solid Earth, 12, 581–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-581-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-581-2021, 2021
Manvendra Singh and Georg Rümpker
Solid Earth, 11, 2557–2568, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2557-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2557-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Using seismic array methods, 63 events were located in the Rodrigues–CIR region, not reported by any global network, most of them being off the ridge axis. The lack of seismicity along this section of the CIR, as observed from global data and this study, can possibly be attributed to the presence of partially molten mantle beneath Rodrigues Ridge. The results will be of interest for a broad range of geoscientists interested in the tectonic evolution of Indian Ocean and plume–crust interaction.
Valère Lambert and Nadia Lapusta
Solid Earth, 11, 2283–2302, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2283-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2283-2020, 2020
Dominik Zbinden, Antonio Pio Rinaldi, Tobias Diehl, and Stefan Wiemer
Solid Earth, 11, 909–933, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-909-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-909-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The deep geothermal project in St. Gallen, Switzerland, aimed at generating electricity and heat. The fluid pumped into the underground caused hundreds of small earthquakes and one larger one felt by the local population. Here we use computer simulations to study the physical processes that led to the earthquakes. We find that gas present in the subsurface could have intensified the seismicity, which may have implications for future geothermal projects conducted in similar geological conditions.
Quetzalcoatl Rodríguez-Pérez, Víctor Hugo Márquez-Ramírez, and Francisco Ramón Zúñiga
Solid Earth, 11, 791–806, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-791-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-791-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed reported oceanic earthquakes in Mexico. We used data from different agencies. By analyzing the occurrence of earthquakes, we can extract relevant information such as the level of seismic activity, the size of the earthquakes, hypocenter depths, etc. We also studied the focal mechanisms to classify the different types of earthquakes and calculated the stress in the region. The results will be useful to understand the physics of oceanic earthquakes.
Nienke Blom, Alexey Gokhberg, and Andreas Fichtner
Solid Earth, 11, 669–690, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-669-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-669-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed a model of the Earth's structure in the upper 500 km beneath the central and eastern Mediterranean. Within this model, we can see parts of the African tectonic plate that have sunk underneath the European plate over the past tens of millions of years. This model was constructed using seismic waveform tomography by matching the seismograms from many earthquakes recorded at the surface to synthetic seismograms that were generated by simulating earthquake wave propagation.
Linus Villiger, Valentin Samuel Gischig, Joseph Doetsch, Hannes Krietsch, Nathan Oliver Dutler, Mohammadreza Jalali, Benoît Valley, Paul Antony Selvadurai, Arnaud Mignan, Katrin Plenkers, Domenico Giardini, Florian Amann, and Stefan Wiemer
Solid Earth, 11, 627–655, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-627-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-627-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Hydraulic stimulation summarizes fracture initiation and reactivation due to high-pressure fluid injection. Several borehole intervals covering intact rock and pre-existing fractures were targets for high-pressure fluid injections within a decameter-scale, crystalline rock volume. The observed induced seismicity strongly depends on the target geology. In addition, the severity of the induced seismicity per experiment counter correlates with the observed transmissivity enhancement.
Gaelle Lamarque and Jordi Julià
Solid Earth, 10, 893–905, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-893-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-893-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Our goal is to better understand the evolution of the Earth's outer shell in northeast Brazil. We analyze the propagation properties (anisotropy) of distant seismic waves in order to look for subsurface, large-scale deformation structures. Results show that structures visible at the surface can be traced down to ~100 km depth, that the imprint of the opening of the Atlantic Ocean can be detected along the coast and that the continental interior is anomalous due to a complex deformation history.
Víctor Vilarrasa, Jesus Carrera, Sebastià Olivella, Jonny Rutqvist, and Lyesse Laloui
Solid Earth, 10, 871–892, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-871-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-871-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To meet the goal of the Paris Agreement to limit temperature increase below 2 ºC, geologic carbon storage (GCS) will be necessary at the gigatonne scale. But to successfully deploy GCS, seismicity induced by CO2 injection should be controlled and maintained below a threshold that does not generate nuisances to the population. We conclude that felt induced seismicity can be minimized provided that a proper site characterization, monitoring and pressure management are performed.
Tuna Eken
Solid Earth, 10, 713–723, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-713-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-713-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Proper magnitude estimates for earthquakes can give insight into the seismic energy released at an earthquake source. This is, in fact, essential for better seismic hazard assessments in tectonically active regions. In the present work, I examine local earthquakes in central Anatolia to estimate their moment magnitudes. The main outcome of this study is an empirical relation that can provide a direct physical quantity of seismic energy in the study region.
Marius Kriegerowski, Simone Cesca, Matthias Ohrnberger, Torsten Dahm, and Frank Krüger
Solid Earth, 10, 317–328, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-317-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-317-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a method that allows to estimate the acoustic attenuation of seismic waves within regions with high earthquake source densities. Attenuation is of high interest as it allows to draw conclusions on the origin of seismic activity. We apply our method to north-west Bohemia, which is regularly affected by earthquake swarms during which thousands of earthquakes are registered within a few days. We find reduced attenuation within the active volume, which may indicate high fluid content.
Cited articles
Aichroth, B., Prodehl, C., and Thybo, H.: Crustal structure along the Central
Segment of the EGT from seismic-refraction studies, Tectonophysics, 207,
43–64, 1992.
Aki, K. and Richards, P. G.: Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods,
edited by: Freeman, W. H., San Francisco, CA, Second Edition, 1, 558 pp., 2002.
Akinci, A., Mejia, J., and Jemberie, A. L.: Attenuative dispersion of P
waves and crustal Q in Turkey and Germany, Pure Appl. Geophys., 161, 73–91, 2004.
AlpArray Seismic Network: AlpArray Seismic Network (AASN) temporary
component, AlpArray Working Group, Other/Seismic Network,
https://doi.org/10.12686/alparray/z3_2015, 2015.
Amante, C. and Eakins, B. W.: ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model: Pocedures, Data Sources and Analysis, NOAA Technical
Memorandum NESDIS NGDC-24, National Geophysical
Data Center, NOAA, 19 pp, 2009.
Asch, K.: IGME
Becker, A.: An attempt to define a “neotectonic period” for Central and
northern Europe, Geol. Rundsch., 82, 67–83, 1993.
Beyreuther, M., Barsch, R., Krischer, L., Megies, T., Behr, Y., and
Wassermann, J.: ObsPy: A Python Toolbox for Seismology [data set], available at: https://github.com/obspy/obspy/wiki (last access: 30 September 2020), 2010.
Bonjer, K.-P.: Seismicity pattern and style of seismic faulting at the
eastern borderfault of the southern Rhine Graben, Tectonophysics, 275,
41–69, 1997.
Bulletin-Files des Landeserdbebendienstes B-W: Ref. 98 im Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und Bergbau im Regierungspräsidium
Freiburg (https://lgrb-bw.de/erdbeben/index_html?lang=1) [data set], Az4784//18_3303, 2018.
Diehl, T., Kissling, E., and Bormann, P.: Tutorial for consistent phase
picking at local to regional distances, in: New Manual of
Seismological Observatory Practice 2 (NMOSOP-2), edited by: Bormann, P., Potsdam: Deutsches
Geoforschungszentrum GFZ, p. 1.21, 2012.
Gajewski, D. and Prodehl, C.: Crustal structure beneath the Swabian Jura, SW
Germany, from seismic refraction investigations, J. Geophys.,
56, 69–80, 1985.
Gajewski, D., Holbrook, W. S., and Prodehl, C.: A three-dimensional crustal
model of southwest Germany derived from seismic refraction data,
Tectonophysics, 142, 49–70, 1987.
Geyer, O. F. and Gwinner, M. P.: Geologie von Baden-Württemberg, 5 Edn., edited by: Geyer, M., Nitsch, E., and Simon,
T., Schweitzerbart, Stuttgart, Germany, 627 pp, 2011.
Gräber,, F.: Lokalbebentomographie mit P-Wellen in Long Valley,
Kalifornien, und die Möglichkeiten einer Anwendung im
südlichen Rheingraben, Diplomarbeit (diploma thesis), Geophysical Institute, TU
Karlsruhe, Germany and Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Switzerland, 144 pp, 1993.
Grünthal, G. and the GSHAP Region 3 Working Group: Seismic hazard
assessment for Central, North and Northwest Europe: GSHAP Region 3. Anali di
Geofisica, 42, 999–1011, 1999.
Haessler, H., Hoang-Trong, P., Schick, R., Schneider, G., and Strobach, K.:
The September 3, 1978, Swabian Jura Earthquake, Tectonophysics, 68,
1–14, 1980.
Heidbach, O., Rajabi, M., Reiter, K., and Ziegler, M., WSM Team: World
Stress Map Database Release 2016, V. 1.1, GFZ Data Services,
https://doi.org/10.5880/WSM.2016.001, 2016.
Hetényi, G., Molinari, I., Clinton, J., Bokelmann, G., Bondár, I.,
Crawford, W. C., Dessa, J.-X., Doubre, C., Friederich, W., Fuchs, F., Giardini, D.,
Gráczer, Z., Handy, M. R., Herak, M., Jia, Y., Kissling, E., Kopp, H., Korn,
M., Margheriti, L., Meier, T., Mucciarelli, M., Paul, A., Pesaresi, D., Piromallo,
C., Plenefisch, T., Plomerová, J., Ritter, J., Rümpker, G., Šipka, V., Spallarossa, D., Thomas, C., Tilmann, F., Wassermann, J., Weber, M.,
Wéber, Z., Wesztergom, V., Živčić, M., AlpArray Seismic Network
Team, AlpArray OBS Cruise Crew, and AlpArray Working Group: The AlpArray Seismic
Network: a large-scale European experiment to image the Alpine orogen,
Surv. Geophys., 1–25,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-018-9472-4, 2018.
Hiller, W.: Eine Erdbebenwarte im Gebiet der Schwäbischen Alb,
Z. Geophysik, 9, 230–234, 1933.
Houlié, N., Woessner, J., Giardini, D., and Rothacher, M.: Lithosphere
strain rate and stress field orientations near the Alpine arc in
Switzerland, Sci. Rep., 8, 1–14, 2018.
Hunter, J. D.: “Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment”, Comput. Sci. Eng., 9, 90–95, 2007.
Husen, S., Kissling, E., Deichmann, N., Wiemer, S., Giardini, D., and Baer,
M.: Probabilistic earthquake location in complex three-dimensional velocity
models: Application to Switzerland, J. Geophys. Res.,
108, 2077, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JB001778, 2003.
Illies, J. H.: Der Hohenzollerngraben und Intraplattenseismizität
infolge Vergitterung lamellärer Scherung mit einer Riftstruktur,
Oberrhein. Geol. Abh., 31, 47–78, 1982.
Kastrup, U., Zoback, M. L., Deichmann, N., Evans, K. F., Giardini,
D., and Michael, A. J.: Stress field variations in the Swiss Alps
and the northern Alpine foreland derived from inversion of fault
plane solutions, J. Geophys. Res., 109, B01402, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JB002550, 2004.
Kennett, B. L. N., Engdahl, E. R., and Buland, R.: Constraints on seismic
velocities in the Earth from traveltimes, Geophys. J. Int.,
122, 108–124, 1995.
Kissling, E., Ellsworth, W. L., Eberhart-Phillips, D., and Kradolfer, U.:
Initial reference models in local earthquake tomography, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 99, 19635–19646, 1994.
Kissling, E., Kradolfer, U., and Maurer, H.: Program VELEST
user’s guide – Short Introduction, Int. Report, Institute of Geophysics, ETH, Zürich, available at: https://seg.ethz.ch/software/velest.html, 26 pp, 1995.
Kunze, T.: Seismotektonische Bewegungen im Alpenbereich, PhD thesis,
University Stuttgart, Germany, 167 pp, 1982.
Leydecker, G.: Erdbebenkatalog für Deutschland mit Randgebieten für
die Jahre 800 bis 2008, Geologisches Jahrbuch, E 59, E. Schweizerbart'sche
Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 198 pp., 2011.
Lomax, A., Virieux, J., Volant, P., and Berge-Thierry, C.: Probabilistic
earthquake location in 3D and layered models: introduction to a
Metropolis-Gibbs method and comparison with linear locations, edited by: Thurber,
C. and Rabinowitz, N., Advances in seismic event location, Springer,
Dordrecht, 18, 101–134, 2000.
Lomax, A.: NonLinLoc software – Probabilistic, Non-Linear, Global-Search Earthquake Location in 3D Media
available at: http://alomax.free.fr/nlloc/index.html, last access: 30 September 2020, 2017.
Mader, S. and Ritter, J. R. R.: The StressTransfer Seismic Network – An
Experiment to Monitor Seismically Active Fault Zones in the Northern Alpine
Foreland of Southwestern Germany, Seismol. Res. Lett., 92, 1773–1787, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220200357, 2021.
Meschede, M. and Warr, L. N.: The Geology of Germany:
A Process-Oriented Approach, Regional Geology Reviews, edited by: Oberhänsli, R., de Wit, M. J., and Roure, F. M.,
Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 304 pp, 2019.
Michael, A. J.: Determination of stress from slip data: Faults and folds, J.
Geophys. Res., 89, 11517–11526, 1984.
Müller, B., Zoback, M. L., Fuchs, K., Mastin, L., Gregersen, S., Pavoni,
N., Stephansson, O., and Ljunggren, C.: Regional patterns of tectonic stress
in Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 11783–11803, 1992.
NOAA National Geophysical Data Center: ETOPO1 1 Arc-Minute Global Relief Model [data set], NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, https://doi.org/10.7289/V5C8276M, 2009.
Oncescu, M. C., Rizescu, M., and Bonjer, K. P.: SAPS – a completely automated
and networked seismological acquisition and processing system, Comp.
Geosci., 22, 89–97, 1996.
Plenefisch, T. and Bonjer, K.-P.: The stress field in the Rhine Graben area
inferred from earthquake focal mechanisms and estimation of frictional
parameters, Tectonophysics, 275, 71–97, 1997.
Podvin, P. and Lecomte, I.: Finite difference computation of traveltimes in
very contrasted velocity models: a massively parallel approach and its
associated tools, Geophys. J. Int., 105, 271–284, 1991.
Regierungspräsidium Freiburg: Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und
Bergbau (Hrsg.): LGRB-Kartenviewer – Layer GÜK300: Tektonik,
available at: https://maps.lgrb-bw.de/, last access: 28 March 2019.
Regierungspräsidium Freiburg: Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und
Bergbau: Last felt earthquakes in Baden-Württemberg,
available at: https://lgrb-bw.de/erdbeben/erdbebenmeldung, last access: 28 August 2020.
Reicherter, K., Froitzheim, N., Jarosinski, M., Badura, J., Franzke, H. J.,
Hansen, M., and Stackebrandt, W.: Alpine tectonics north of the Alps,
The geology of central Europe, 2, 1233–1285, 2008.
Reinecker, J. and Schneider, G.: Zur Neotektonik der Zollernalb: Der
Hohenzollerngraben und die Albstadt-Erdbeben, Jahresberichte und
Mitteilungen des Oberrheinischen Geologischen Vereins, 391–417, 2002.
Reinecker, J., Tingay, M., Müller, B., and Heidbach, O.: Present-day
stress orientation in the Molasse Basin, Tectonophysics, 482, 129–138,
2010.
Ring, U. and Bolhar, R.: Tilting, uplift, volcanism and disintegration of
the South German block, Tectonophysics, 795, 228611, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228611, 2020.
Rupf, I. and Nitsch, E.: Das Geologische Landesmodell von
Baden-Württemberg: Datengrundlagen, technische Umsetzung und erste
geologische Ergebnisse, Regierungspräsidium Freiburg – Abteilung 9,
Landesamt für Geologie, Rohstoffe und Bergbau, 82 pp., 2008.
Schädel, K.: Geologische Übersichtskarte 1:100.000 C7918 Albstadt
und Erläuterungen. Geologisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg,
Freiburg i. Br., 44 pp, 1976.
Schneider, G.: Seismizität und Seismotektonik der Schwäbischen Alb,
F. Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany, 79 pp., 1971.
Schneider, G.: Die Erdbeben in Baden-Württemberg: 1963–1972, Inst.
für Geophysik der Univ. Stuttgart, Germany, 47 pp., 1973.
Schneider, G.: The earthquake in the Swabian Jura of 16 Nov. 1911 and
present concepts of seismotectonics, Tectonophysics, 53, 279–288, 1979.
Schneider, G.: Das Beben vom 3. September 1978 auf der Schwäbischen Alb
als Ausdruck der seismotektonischen Beweglichkeit Suedwestdeutschlands,
Jahresberichte und Mitteilungen des Oberrheinischen Geologischen Vereins, N.
F., 62, 143–166, 1980.
Schneider, G.: Beziehungen zwischen Erdbeben und Strukturen der
Süddeutschen Großscholle, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und
Palaäntologie – Abhandlungen, 189, 275–288, 1993.
Sieberg, A. and Lais, R.: Das mitteleuropäische Erdbeben vom 16.11.1911,
Bearbeitung der makroseismischen Beobachtungen, Veröffentlichungen der
Reichsanstalt für Erdbebenforschung Jena, H. 4, Jena, Germany, 106 pp., 1925.
Singer, J., Kissling, E., and Diehl, T.: VELEST, Version 4.5 provided by Kissling, E., Version 3.1, available at: https://seg.ethz.ch/software/velest.html, last access: 30 September 2020, 2017.
Snoke, J. A.: FOCMEC: Focal mechanism determinations. International Handbook
of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, 85, 1629–1630, 2003.
Snoke, A.: FOCMEC, available at: http://ds.iris.edu/pub/programs/focmec/, last access 30 September 2020, 2017.
Stange, S.: Erdbebenüberwachung Baden-Württemberg – Das
modernisierte Starkbeben- und Detektionsmessnetz. LGRB – Nachricht,
Regierungspräsidium Freiburg, Nr. 2018/07, 2 pp., 2018.
Stange, S. and Brüstle, W.: The Albstadt/Swabian Jura seismic source
zone reviewed through the study of the earthquake of March 22, 2003,
Jahresberichte und Mitteilungen des Oberrheinischen Geologischen Vereins,
391–414, 2005.
Tarantola, A. and Valette, B.: Inverse problems = quest for information,
J. Geophys., 50, 159–170, 1982.
Tozer, B., Sandwell, D. T., Smith, W. H., Olson, C., Beale, J. R., and
Wessel, P.: Global bathymetry and topography at 15 arc sec: SRTM15+, Earth
Space Sci., 6, 1847–1864, 2019.
Turnovsky, J.: Herdmechanismen und Herdparameter der Erdbebenserie
1978 auf der Schwäbischen Alb, PhD thesis, University Stuttgart, Germany, 109 pp., 1981.
Tyagunov, S., Grünthal, G., Wahlström, R., Stempniewski, L., and Zschau, J.: Seismic risk mapping for Germany, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 6, 573–586, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-6-573-2006, 2006.
Valley, B. and Evans, K. F.: Stress state at Soultz to 5 km depth from wellbore
failure and hydraulic observations, Proceedings, Thirty-Second Workshop on
Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 10 pp.,
2007.
Vavryčuk, V.: Iterative joint inversion for stress and fault
orientations from focal mechanisms, Geophys. J. Int., 199,
69–77, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggu224, 2014.
Vavryčuk, V.: STRESSINVERSE, available at: https://www.ig.cas.cz/en/stress-inverse/, last access 24 February 2021, 2020.
Wessel, P., Luis, J. F., Uieda, L., Scharroo, R., Wobbe, F., Smith, W. H.
F., and Tian, D: The Generic Mapping Tools version 6., Geochem. Geophys. Geosys., 20, 5556–5564,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GC008515, 2019.
Wetzel, H.-U. and Franzke, H. J.: Lassen sich über die Fernerkundung
erweiterte Kenntnisse zur seismogenen Zone Bodensee-Stuttgart (9∘-Ost) gewinnen?, Publikationen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für
Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung, 12, 339–347, 2003.
Short summary
The Albstadt Shear Zone, SW Germany, is an active rupture zone with sometimes damaging earthquakes but no visible surface structure. To identify its segmentations, geometry, faulting pattern and extension, we analyze the continuous earthquake activity in 2011–2018. We find a segmented N–S-oriented fault zone with mainly horizontal and minor vertical movement along mostly NNE- and some NNW-oriented rupture planes. The main horizontal stress is oriented NW and due to Alpine-related loading.
The Albstadt Shear Zone, SW Germany, is an active rupture zone with sometimes damaging...
