Articles | Volume 7, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1199-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1199-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Preface: From orogenesis to geoscience in the service of society: the scientific legacy of Prof. Andrés Pérez-Estaún
Joaquina Alvarez-Marrón
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, ICTJA-CSIC, Lluis Sole i
Sabaris s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Fernando Bastida
Department of Geology, University of Oviedo, Jesús Arias de
Velasco s/n, 33005 Oviedo, Spain
Ernest Rutter
Rock Deformation Laboratory, School of Earth and Environmental
Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK
Ramon Carbonell
Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, ICTJA-CSIC, Lluis Sole i
Sabaris s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Telegrafenberg 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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Many orogenic belts exhibit arcuate form in map view. We deal with the different models proposed to explain the formation of the Ibero-Armorican Arc in the western European Variscan Belt. We suggest this arc is primary slightly modified by superposed contraction during late Carboniferous and/or Alpine times. We discuss the role of late-Variscan regional strike-slip faults in the Iberian and in the Armorican massifs that probably acted consecutively before and during the contraction of the arc.
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Sonja H. Wadas, Hermann Buness, Raphael Rochlitz, Peter Skiba, Thomas Günther, Michael Grinat, David C. Tanner, Ulrich Polom, Gerald Gabriel, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
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Evgeniia Martuganova, Manfred Stiller, Ben Norden, Jan Henninges, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 13, 1291–1307, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1291-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1291-2022, 2022
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Solid Earth, 13, 725–743, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-725-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-725-2022, 2022
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Underground energy and waste storage require repurposing of existing oil and gas wells for gas storage, compressed air, hydrogen, methane, and CO2 disposal, requiring an impermeable cap rock (e.g. shales) over the porous reservoir. We measured shale permeability over a range of burial pressures and gas pore pressures. Permeability decreases markedly as effective pressure on the rocks is increased. Knowing these relationships is essential to the safe design of engineered gas reservoirs.
Martin Peter Lipus, Felix Schölderle, Thomas Reinsch, Christopher Wollin, Charlotte Krawczyk, Daniela Pfrang, and Kai Zosseder
Solid Earth, 13, 161–176, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-161-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-161-2022, 2022
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Puy Ayarza, José Ramón Martínez Catalán, Ana Martínez García, Juan Alcalde, Juvenal Andrés, José Fernando Simancas, Immaculada Palomeras, David Martí, Irene DeFelipe, Chris Juhlin, and Ramón Carbonell
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Gilda Currenti, Philippe Jousset, Rosalba Napoli, Charlotte Krawczyk, and Michael Weber
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Benjamin Schwarz and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
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Intricate fault and fracture networks cut through the upper crust, and their detailed delineation and characterization play an important role in the Earth sciences. While conventional geophysical sounding techniques only provide indirect means of detection, we present scale-spanning field data examples, in which coherent diffraction imaging – a framework inspired by optics and visual perception – enables the direct imaging of these crustal features at an unprecedented spatial resolution.
Josep Maria Casas, Joan Guimerà, Joaquina Alvarez-Marron, and Ícaro Días da Silva
Solid Earth Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2020-126, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2020-126, 2020
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
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Many orogenic belts exhibit arcuate form in map view. We deal with the different models proposed to explain the formation of the Ibero-Armorican Arc in the western European Variscan Belt. We suggest this arc is primary slightly modified by superposed contraction during late Carboniferous and/or Alpine times. We discuss the role of late-Variscan regional strike-slip faults in the Iberian and in the Armorican massifs that probably acted consecutively before and during the contraction of the arc.
Maurizio Ercoli, Emanuele Forte, Massimiliano Porreca, Ramon Carbonell, Cristina Pauselli, Giorgio Minelli, and Massimiliano R. Barchi
Solid Earth, 11, 329–348, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-329-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-329-2020, 2020
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We present a first application of seismic attributes, a well-known technique in the oil and gas industry, to vintage seismic reflection profiles in a seismotectonic study. Our results improve data interpretability, allowing us to detect peculiar geophysical signatures of faulting and a regional seismogenic layer. We suggest a new tool for both seismotectonic research and assessments of the seismic hazard, not only in the central Apennines (Italy), but also in seismically active areas abroad.
Juvenal Andrés, Deyan Draganov, Martin Schimmel, Puy Ayarza, Imma Palomeras, Mario Ruiz, and Ramon Carbonell
Solid Earth, 10, 1937–1950, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1937-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1937-2019, 2019
David Marti, Ignacio Marzan, Jana Sachsenhausen, Joaquina Alvarez-Marrón, Mario Ruiz, Montse Torne, Manuela Mendes, and Ramon Carbonell
Solid Earth, 10, 177–192, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-177-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-177-2019, 2019
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A detailed knowledge of the very shallow subsurface has become of crucial interest for modern society, especially if it hosts critical surface infrastructures such as temporary waste storage sites. The use of indirect methods to characterize the internal structure of the subsurface has been successfully applied, based on the 3-D distribution of seismic velocities and well-log data, which are of great interest for civil engineering companies.
Ulrich Polom, Hussam Alrshdan, Djamil Al-Halbouni, Eoghan P. Holohan, Torsten Dahm, Ali Sawarieh, Mohamad Y. Atallah, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 9, 1079–1098, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1079-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1079-2018, 2018
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The alluvial fan of Ghor Al-Haditha (Dead Sea) is affected by subsidence and sinkholes. Different models and hypothetical processes have been suggested in the past; high-resolution shear wave reflection surveys carried out in 2013 and 2014 showed the absence of evidence for a massive shallow salt layer as formerly suggested. Thus, a new process interpretation is proposed based on both the dissolution and physical erosion of Dead Sea mud layers.
Sonja H. Wadas, David C. Tanner, Ulrich Polom, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
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In 2010 a sinkhole opened up in the urban area of Schmalkalden, Germany. Shear-wave reflection seismic profiles were carried out around the sinkhole to investigate the reasons for the collapse. A strike-slip fault and a fracture network were identified that serve as fluid pathways for water-leaching soluble rocks near the surface. The more complex the fault geometry and interaction between faults, the more prone an area is to sinkhole occurrence.
Sonja H. Wadas, Ulrich Polom, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 7, 1491–1508, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1491-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1491-2016, 2016
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Subrosion is the subsurface leaching of soluble rocks. It is a global phenomenon and a geohazard in urban areas because it causes depressions and sinkholes. This is the case in the study area, the town of Bad Frankenhausen, in northern Thuringia, Germany. Using shear-wave seismic reflection we are able to image these structures at high resolution to a depth of ca. 100 m. We observe that the underground is strongly fractured and there are indications of cavities.
Enric Vázquez-Suñé, Miguel Ángel Marazuela, Violeta Velasco, Marc Diviu, Andrés Pérez-Estaún, and Joaquina Álvarez-Marrón
Solid Earth, 7, 1317–1329, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1317-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1317-2016, 2016
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This study shows the need for a symbiotic relationship between government and research groups for efficient management of geologic data in urban environments. Through its implementation, both the city administration and private companies benefit from the feedback of geologic knowledge acquired during this process, thereby substantially reducing the cost of construction projects and facilitating the development of aquifer management plans.
Matthias Halisch, Holger Steeb, Steven Henkel, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 7, 1141–1143, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1141-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1141-2016, 2016
María Luz Valín, Susana García-López, Covadonga Brime, Fernando Bastida, and Jesús Aller
Solid Earth, 7, 1003–1022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1003-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-1003-2016, 2016
Xènia Ogaya, Juan Alcalde, Ignacio Marzán, Juanjo Ledo, Pilar Queralt, Alex Marcuello, David Martí, Eduard Saura, Ramon Carbonell, and Beatriz Benjumea
Solid Earth, 7, 943–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-943-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-943-2016, 2016
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This paper explores the compatibility of seismic and magnetotelluric methods across scales highlighting the importance of joint interpretation in reservoir characterisation. The combination of the two methods together with well-log data at the Hontomín CO2 storage pilot plant (Spain) allowed a detailed characterisation of the shallow subsurface and defined the structural and fluid flow characteristics of the existing faults, which are key aspects for the risk assessment of the site.
Juvenal Andrés, Juan Alcalde, Puy Ayarza, Eduard Saura, Ignacio Marzán, David Martí, José Ramón Martínez Catalán, Ramón Carbonell, Andrés Pérez-Estaún, José Luis García-Lobón, and Félix Manuel Rubio
Solid Earth, 7, 827–841, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-827-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-827-2016, 2016
Abigail Hackston and Ernest Rutter
Solid Earth, 7, 493–508, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-493-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-493-2016, 2016
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This was an experimental study of the strength of two rock types, over a range of pressure conditions that correspond to depths in the Earth’s crust ranging up to 12 km. Tests were carried out under different stress regimes to simulate extremes of the range of loading geometries encountered in the Earth and hence how these affect failure strength and resistance to frictional slip on faults. These experiments will promote understanding of rock behaviour in oil, gas and water reservoirs.
T. Burschil, T. Beilecke, and C. M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 6, 33–47, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-33-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-33-2015, 2015
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In this paper, we compared, measured and simulated reflection seismology data for different wave types. P wave and shear wave land data were acquired in the field while the synthetic data were generated by finite-difference modelling. Major features of the P waves were imaged, but simulations cannot clarify the signal-to-noise ratio of the shear wave field data. Future modelling approaches will consider additional features for a better understanding of near-surface seismic measurements.
K. Becker, D. Franke, R. Trumbull, M. Schnabel, I. Heyde, B. Schreckenberger, H. Koopmann, K. Bauer, W. Jokat, and C. M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 5, 1011–1026, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-1011-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-1011-2014, 2014
I. Flecha, R. Carbonell, and R. W. Hobbs
Solid Earth, 4, 543–554, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-543-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-543-2013, 2013
J. Alcalde, D. Martí, C. Juhlin, A. Malehmir, D. Sopher, E. Saura, I. Marzán, P. Ayarza, A. Calahorrano, A. Pérez-Estaún, and R. Carbonell
Solid Earth, 4, 481–496, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-481-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-481-2013, 2013
C. M. Krawczyk, M.-L. Buddensiek, O. Oncken, and N. Kukowski
Solid Earth, 4, 93–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-93-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-4-93-2013, 2013
Cited articles
Alcalde, J., Marzán, I., Saura, E., Martí, D., Ayarza, P., Juhlin, C., Pérez-Estaún, A., and Carbonell, R.: 3D geological characterization of the Hontomin CO2 storage site, Spain: multidisciplinary approach from seismics, well-logging and regional data, Tectonophysics, 627, 6–25, 2013
Alvarez-Marrón, J., Pérez-Estaún, A., Dañobeitia, J. J., Pulgar, J. A., and ESCI-N Group: Seismic structure of the Northern Continental Margin of Spain from ESCIN deep seismic profiles, Tectonophysics, 264, 153–174, 1996.
Berzin, R., Oncken, O., Knapp, J. H., Peréz-Estaún, A., Hismatulin, T., Yunosov, N., and Lipillin, V.: Orogenic evolution of the Ural Mountains: Results from an Integrated Seismic Experiment, Science, 274, 220–221, 1996.
Brown, D., Juhlin, C., Alvarez-Marrón, J., Pérez-Estaún, A., and Oslianski, A.: Crustal-scale structure and evolution of an arc-continent collision zone in the southern Urals, Russia, Tectonics, 17, 158–171, 1998.
Carbonell, R., Pérez-Estaún, A., Gallart, J., Diaz, J., Kashubin, S., Mechie, J., Stadtlander, R., Schulze, A., Knapp, J. H., and Morozov, A.: Crustal root beneath the Urals: wide-angle seismic evidence, Science, 274, 222–224, 1996.
Escuder, J., Contreras, F., Stein, G., Urien, P., Joubert, M., Pérez-Estaún, A., Friedman, R., and Ullrich, T.: Magmatic relationships and ages between adakites, magnesian andesites and Nb-enriched basalt-andesites from Hispaniola: Record of a major change in the caribbean island arc magma sources, Lithos, 99, 151–177, 2007.
Font-Capó, J., Vázquez-Suñé, E., Carrera, J., Martí, D., Carbonell, R., and Pérez-Estaún, A.: Groundwater inflow prediction in urban tunneling, Eng. Geol., 121, 46–54, 2011.
Martí, D., Carbonell, R., Tryggvason, A., Escuder-Viruete, J., and Pérez-Estaún, A.: Mapping brittle fracture zones in 3 dimensions: high resolution travel time seismic tomography in a granitic pluton, Geophys. J. Int., 149, 95–105, 2002.
Martí, D., Carbonell, R., Flecha, I., Palomeras, I., Font-Capó, J., Vázquez-Suñé, E., and Pérez-Estaún, A.: High-resolution seismic characterization in an urban area: subway tunnel construction in Barcelona, Spain, Geophysics, 73, 841–850, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.2832626, 2008.
Martí, D., Marzán, I., Sachsenhausen, J., Alvarez-Marrón, J., Cienfuegos, I., and Carbonell, R.: High-resolution seismic characterization of the shallow surface applied to civil engineering. Proceedings volume 77th EAGE Conference & Exhibition 2015, Earth Science for Energy and Environment, 1–4 June, https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201413471, 2015.
Martínez-Poyatos, D., Carbonell, R., Palomeras, I., Simancas, J. F., Ayarza, P., Martí, D., Azor, A., Jabaloy, A., González Cuadra, P., Tejero, R., Martín Parra, L. M., Matas, J., González-Lodeiro, F., Pérez-Estaún, A., García Lobón, J. L., and Mansilla, L.: Imaging the crustal structure of the Central Iberian Zone (Variscan Belt): The ALCUDIA deep seismic reflection transect, Tectonics, 31, TC3017, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011TC002995, 2012.
Pérez-Estaún, A.: Estratigrafía y estructura de la rama S. de la Zona Asturoccidental-Leonesa, Memorias del IGME 92, Madrid, 152 pp., 1978.
Pérez-Estaún, A., Bastida, F., Alonso, J. L., Marquínez, J., Aller, J., Alvarez-Marrón, J., Marcos, A., and Pulgar, J. A.: A thin-skinned tectonics model for an arcuate fold and thrust belt: the Cantabrian Zone (Variscan Ibero-Armorican Arc), Tectonics, 7, 517–537, 1988.
Pérez-Estaún, A., Martínez-Catalán, J. R., and Bastida, F.: Crustal thickening and deformation sequence in the football to the suture of the Variscan Belt of northwest Spain, Tectonophysics, 191, 243–253, 1991.
Pérez-Estaún, A., Pulgar, J. A., Banda, E., Alvarez-Marrón, J., and ESCI-N Research Team: Crustal structure of the external Variscides in NW Spain from deep seismic reflection profiling, Tectonophysics, 232, 91–118, 1994.
Pérez-Estaún, A. and Bea, F.: Macizo Ibérico, in: Geología de España, edited by: Vera, J. A., SGE-IGME, Madrid, 21–230, ISBN 84-7840-546-1, 2004.
Pulgar, J., Gallart, J., Fernández-Viejo, G., Pérez-Estaún, A., Alvarez-Marrón, J., and ESCIN Group: Seismic image of the Cantabrian Mountains in the western extension of the Pyrenees from integrated ESCIN reflection and refraction data, Tectonophysics, 264, 1–20, 1996.
Simancas, J. F., Carbonell, R., González Lodeiro, F., Pérez-Estaún, A., Juhlin, C., Ayarza, P., Kashubin, A., Azor, A., Martínez Poyatos, D., Almodóvar, G. R., Pascual, Sáez, E., R., and Expósito, I.: Crustal Structure of the Transpressional Variscan Orogen of SW Iberia: The IBERSEIS Deep Seismic Reflection Profile, Tectonics, 22, 1062, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002TC001479, 2003.
Ugalde, A., Villaseñor, A., Gaite, B., Casquero, S., Martí, D., Calahorrano, A., Marzán, I., Carbonell, R., and Pérez-Estaún, A.: Passive Seismic Monitoring of an Experimental CO2 Geological Storage Site in Hontomín (Northern Spain), Seismol. Res. Lett., 84, 75–84, 2013.