Articles | Volume 9, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-167-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-167-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
26 Feb 2018
Research article |
| 26 Feb 2018
| 26 Feb 2018
Deeply subducted continental fragments – Part 1: Fracturing, dissolution–precipitation, and diffusion processes recorded by garnet textures of the central Sesia Zone (western Italian Alps)
Francesco Giuntoli
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse
1 + 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Pierre Lanari
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse
1 + 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
Martin Engi
Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse
1 + 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Francesco Giuntoli, Pierre Lanari, Marco Burn, Barbara Eva Kunz, and Martin Engi
Solid Earth, 9, 191–222, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, 2018
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Subducted continental terranes commonly comprise an assembly of subunits that reflect the different tectono-metamorphic histories they experienced in the subduction zone. Our challenge is to unravel how, when, and in which part of the subduction zone these subunits were juxtaposed. Our study documents when and in what conditions re-equilibration took place. Results constrain the main stages of mineral growth and deformation, associated with fluid influx that occurred in the subduction channel.
Hugo Dominguez, Nicolas Riel, and Pierre Lanari
Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-189, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2023-189, 2023
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Predicting the behaviour of magmatic systems is important for understanding Earth's matter and heat transport. Numerical modelling is a technique that can predict complex systems at different scales of space and time, by solving equations using various techniques. This study tests four algorithms to find the best way to transport the melt composition. The "Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory" algorithm emerges as the best choice, minimizing errors and preserving system mass.
Julien Reynes, Jörg Hermann, Pierre Lanari, and Thomas Bovay
Eur. J. Mineral., 35, 679–701, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-679-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-35-679-2023, 2023
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Garnet is a high-pressure mineral that may incorporate very small amounts of water in its structure (tens to hundreds of micrograms per gram H2O). In this study, we show, based on analysis and modelling, that it can transport up to several hundred micrograms per gram of H2O at depths over 80 km in a subduction zone. The analysis of garnet from the various rock types present in a subducted slab allowed us to estimate the contribution of garnet in the deep cycling of water in the earth.
Veronica Peverelli, Alfons Berger, Martin Wille, Thomas Pettke, Pierre Lanari, Igor Maria Villa, and Marco Herwegh
Solid Earth, 13, 1803–1821, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1803-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1803-2022, 2022
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This work studies the interplay of epidote dissolution–precipitation and quartz dynamic recrystallization during viscous granular flow in a deforming epidote–quartz vein. Pb and Sr isotope data indicate that epidote dissolution–precipitation is mediated by internal/recycled fluids with an additional external fluid component. Microstructures and geochemical data show that the epidote material is redistributed and chemically homogenized within the deforming vein via a dynamic granular fluid pump.
Veronica Peverelli, Tanya Ewing, Daniela Rubatto, Martin Wille, Alfons Berger, Igor Maria Villa, Pierre Lanari, Thomas Pettke, and Marco Herwegh
Geochronology, 3, 123–147, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-123-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-3-123-2021, 2021
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This work presents LA-ICP-MS U–Pb geochronology of epidote in hydrothermal veins. The challenges of epidote dating are addressed, and a protocol is proposed allowing us to obtain epidote U–Pb ages with a precision as good as 5 % in addition to the initial Pb isotopic composition of the epidote-forming fluid. Epidote demonstrates its potential to be used as a U–Pb geochronometer and as a fluid tracer, allowing us to reconstruct the timing of hydrothermal activity and the origin of the fluid(s).
Felix Hentschel, Emilie Janots, Claudia A. Trepmann, Valerie Magnin, and Pierre Lanari
Eur. J. Mineral., 32, 521–544, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-521-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/ejm-32-521-2020, 2020
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We analysed apatite–allanite/epidote coronae around monazite and xenotime in deformed Permian pegmatites from the Austroalpine basement. Microscopy, chemical analysis and EBSD showed that these coronae formed by dissolution–precipitation processes during deformation of the host rocks. Dating of monazite and xenotime confirmed the magmatic origin of the corona cores, while LA-ICP-MS dating of allanite established a date of ~ 60 Ma for corona formation and deformation in the Austroalpine basement.
Alice Vho, Pierre Lanari, Daniela Rubatto, and Jörg Hermann
Solid Earth, 11, 307–328, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-307-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-307-2020, 2020
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This study presents an approach that combines equilibrium thermodynamic modelling with oxygen isotope fractionation modelling for investigating fluid–rock interaction in metamorphic systems. An application to subduction zones shows that chemical and isotopic zoning in minerals can be used to determine feasible fluid sources and the conditions of interaction. Slab-derived fluids can cause oxygen isotope variations in the mantle wedge that may result in anomalous isotopic signatures of arc lavas.
Laura Stutenbecker, Peter M. E. Tollan, Andrea Madella, and Pierre Lanari
Solid Earth, 10, 1581–1595, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1581-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1581-2019, 2019
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The Aar and Mont Blanc regions in the Alps are large granitoid massifs characterized by high topography. We analyse when these granitoids were first exhumed to the surface. We test this by tracking specific garnet grains, which are exclusively found in the granitoid massifs, in the sediments contained in the alpine foreland basin. This research ties in with ongoing debates on the timing and mechanisms of mountain building.
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Solid Earth, 9, 191–222, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, 2018
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Subducted continental terranes commonly comprise an assembly of subunits that reflect the different tectono-metamorphic histories they experienced in the subduction zone. Our challenge is to unravel how, when, and in which part of the subduction zone these subunits were juxtaposed. Our study documents when and in what conditions re-equilibration took place. Results constrain the main stages of mineral growth and deformation, associated with fluid influx that occurred in the subduction channel.
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Francesco Giuntoli, Pierre Lanari, Marco Burn, Barbara Eva Kunz, and Martin Engi
Solid Earth, 9, 191–222, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-191-2018, 2018
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Solid Earth, 7, 481–492, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-481-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-7-481-2016, 2016
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The aim of this article is to describe and interpret qualitative and quantitative changes at the rock matrix scale of Cretaceous sandstones (northern Spain) exposed to supercritical CO2 and brine. Experimental CO2-rich brine injection was performed in a reactor chamber under realistic conditions of deep saline formations (P ≈ 7.8 MPa, T ≈ 38 °C and 24 h exposure time). SEM and optical microscopy, aided by optical image processing and chemical analyses were used to study the rock samples.
S. Wiesmaier, D. Morgavi, C. J. Renggli, D. Perugini, C. P. De Campos, K.-U. Hess, W. Ertel-Ingrisch, Y. Lavallée, and D. B. Dingwell
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We reproduced in an experiment the mixing of two different magmas by bubbles. Bubbles form filaments when dragging portions of one magma into another and thus mingle both magmas. Bubble mixing must be an accelerating process in nature, because formed filaments are channels of low resistance for subsequently rising bubbles. In natural gas-rich magmas, this may be an important mechanism for magma mixing. Natural samples from Axial Seamount show evidence for bubble mixing.
M. Ledevin, N. Arndt, A. Davaille, R. Ledevin, and A. Simionovici
Solid Earth, 6, 253–269, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-253-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-253-2015, 2015
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We investigate the composition, physical and rheological properties of fluids at the origin of Palaeoarchean chert dikes in South Africa. The dikes formed by repetitive hydraulic fracturing as overpressured oceanic fluids were released at low temperatures as a siliceous slurry. The gelation capacity of silica conferred the chert precursor a viscoelastic, probably thixotrope behaviour. It is an additional step to understand fluid circulations towards the ocean floor, the habitat of early life.
K. Jamshidi, H. Ghasemi, V. R. Troll, M. Sadeghian, and B. Dahren
Solid Earth, 6, 49–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-49-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-49-2015, 2015
I. V. Ashchepkov, N. V. Alymova, A. M. Logvinova, N. V. Vladykin, S. S. Kuligin, S. I. Mityukhin, H. Downes, Yu. B. Stegnitsky, S. A. Prokopiev, R. F. Salikhov, V. S. Palessky, and O. S. Khmel'nikova
Solid Earth, 5, 915–938, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-915-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-915-2014, 2014
S. Bouquain, N. T. Arndt, F. Faure, and G. Libourel
Solid Earth, 5, 641–650, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-641-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-641-2014, 2014
V. R. Troll, A. Klügel, M.-A. Longpré, S. Burchardt, F. M. Deegan, J. C. Carracedo, S. Wiesmaier, U. Kueppers, B. Dahren, L. S. Blythe, T. H. Hansteen, C. Freda, D. A. Budd, E. M. Jolis, E. Jonsson, F. C. Meade, C. Harris, S. E. Berg, L. Mancini, M. Polacci, and K. Pedroza
Solid Earth, 3, 97–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-3-97-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-3-97-2012, 2012
M. Nasrabady, F. Rossetti, T. Theye, and G. Vignaroli
Solid Earth, 2, 219–243, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2-219-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2-219-2011, 2011
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Short summary
Continental high-pressure terranes in orogens offer insight into deep recycling and transformation processes that occur in subduction zones. These remain poorly understood, and currently debated ideas need testing. We document complex garnet zoning in eclogitic mica schists from the Sesia Zone (western Italian Alps). These retain evidence of two orogenic cycles and provide detailed insight into resorption, growth, and diffusion processes induced by fluid pulses under high-pressure conditions.
Continental high-pressure terranes in orogens offer insight into deep recycling and...
