Articles | Volume 6, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1259-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1259-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
03 Dec 2015
Research article |
| 03 Dec 2015
Geometry of the inverted Cretaceous Chañarcillo Basin based on 2-D gravity and field data – an approach to the structure of the western Central Andes of northern Chile
F. Martínez
Department of Geology, FCFM, University of Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile
A. Maksymowicz
Department of Geophysics, FCFM, University of Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, Chile
H. Ochoa
Department of Geology, FCFM, University of Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile
D. Díaz
Department of Geophysics, FCFM, University of Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002, Santiago, Chile
Related authors
No articles found.
Andrei Maksymowicz, Daniela Montecinos-Cuadros, Daniel Díaz, María José Segovia, and Tomás Reyes
Solid Earth, 13, 117–136, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-117-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-117-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This work analyses the density structure of the continental forearc in the northern segment of the 1960 Mw 9.6 Valdivia earthquake. Results show a segmentation of the continental wedge along and perpendicular to the margin. The extension of the less rigid basement units conforming the marine wedge and Coastal Cordillera domain could modify the process of stress loading during the interseismic periods. This analysis highlights the role of the overriding plate on the seismotectonic process.
D. Díaz, A. Maksymowicz, G. Vargas, E. Vera, E. Contreras-Reyes, and S. Rebolledo
Solid Earth, 5, 837–849, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-837-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-837-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Tectonics
Selective inversion of rift basins in lithospheric-scale analogue experiments
The link between Somalian Plate rotation and the East African Rift System: an analogue modelling study
Inversion of extensional basins parallel and oblique to their boundaries: inferences from analogue models and field observations from the Dolomites Indenter, European eastern Southern Alps
Magnetic fabric analyses of basin inversion: a sandbox modelling approach
Tectonic interactions during rift linkage: insights from analog and numerical experiments
The influence of crustal strength on rift geometry and development – insights from 3D numerical modelling
Construction of the Ukrainian Carpathian wedge from low-temperature thermochronology and tectono-stratigraphic analysis
Melt-enhanced strain localization and phase mixing in a large-scale mantle shear zone (Ronda peridotite, Spain)
Analogue modelling of basin inversion: a review and future perspectives
Insights into the interaction of a shale with CO2
Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Slyne Basin
Assessing the role of thermal disequilibrium in the evolution of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary: an idealized model of heat exchange during channelized melt transport
Control of crustal strength, tectonic inheritance, and stretching/ shortening rates on crustal deformation and basin reactivation: insights from laboratory models
Numerical simulation of contemporary kinematics at the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and its implications for seismic hazard assessment
Late Cretaceous–early Palaeogene inversion-related tectonic structures at the northeastern margin of the Bohemian Massif (southwestern Poland and northern Czechia)
A tectonic-rules-based mantle reference frame since 1 billion years ago – implications for supercontinent cycles and plate–mantle system evolution
An efficient partial-differential-equation-based method to compute pressure boundary conditions in regional geodynamic models
The analysis of slip tendency of major tectonic faults in Germany
Earthquake ruptures and topography of the Chilean margin controlled by plate interface deformation
Together but separate: decoupled Variscan (late Carboniferous) and Alpine (Late Cretaceous–Paleogene) inversion tectonics in NW Poland
Late Quaternary faulting in the southern Matese (Italy): implications for earthquake potential and slip rate variability in the southern Apennines
The topographic signature of temperature-controlled rheological transitions in an accretionary prism
Rare earth elements associated with carbonatite–alkaline complexes in western Rajasthan, India: exploration targeting at regional scale
Exhumation and erosion of the Northern Apennines, Italy: new insights from low-temperature thermochronometers
Structural complexities and tectonic barriers controlling recent seismic activity in the Pollino area (Calabria–Lucania, southern Italy) – constraints from stress inversion and 3D fault model building
The Mid Atlantic Appalachian Orogen Traverse: a comparison of virtual and on-location field-based capstone experiences
Chronology of thrust propagation from an updated tectono-sedimentary framework of the Miocene molasse (western Alps)
Orogenic lithosphere and slabs in the greater Alpine area – interpretations based on teleseismic P-wave tomography
Ground-penetrating radar signature of Quaternary faulting: a study from the Mt. Pollino region, southern Apennines, Italy
U–Pb dating of middle Eocene–Pliocene multiple tectonic pulses in the Alpine foreland
Detrital zircon provenance record of the Zagros mountain building from the Neotethys obduction to the Arabia–Eurasia collision, NW Zagros fold–thrust belt, Kurdistan region of Iraq
The Subhercynian Basin: an example of an intraplate foreland basin due to a broken plate
Late to post-Variscan basement segmentation and differential exhumation along the SW Bohemian Massif, central Europe
Holocene surface-rupturing earthquakes on the Dinaric Fault System, western Slovenia
Contribution of gravity gliding in salt-bearing rift basins – a new experimental setup for simulating salt tectonics under the influence of sub-salt extension and tilting
3D crustal stress state of Germany according to a data-calibrated geomechanical model
Thick- and thin-skinned basin inversion in the Danish Central Graben, North Sea – the role of deep evaporites and basement kinematics
Complex rift patterns, a result of interacting crustal and mantle weaknesses, or multiphase rifting? Insights from analogue models
Interactions of plutons and detachments: a comparison of Aegean and Tyrrhenian granitoids
Insights from elastic thermobarometry into exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks from Syros, Greece
Stress rotation – impact and interaction of rock stiffness and faults
Looking beyond kinematics: 3D thermo-mechanical modelling reveals the dynamics of transform margins
Conditional probability of distributed surface rupturing during normal-faulting earthquakes
Late Cretaceous to Paleogene exhumation in central Europe – localized inversion vs. large-scale domal uplift
Kinematics and extent of the Piemont–Liguria Basin – implications for subduction processes in the Alps
Contrasting exhumation histories and relief development within the Three Rivers Region (south-east Tibet)
A systems-based approach to parameterise seismic hazard in regions with little historical or instrumental seismicity: active fault and seismogenic source databases for southern Malawi
Effects of basal drag on subduction dynamics from 2D numerical models
Hydrocarbon accumulation in basins with multiple phases of extension and inversion: examples from the Western Desert (Egypt) and the western Black Sea
Long-wavelength late-Miocene thrusting in the north Alpine foreland: implications for late orogenic processes
Anindita Samsu, Weronika Gorczyk, Timothy Chris Schmid, Peter Graham Betts, Alexander Ramsay Cruden, Eleanor Morton, and Fatemeh Amirpoorsaeed
Solid Earth, 14, 909–936, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-909-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-909-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
When a continent is pulled apart, it breaks and forms a series of depressions called rift basins. These basins lie above weakened crust that is then subject to intense deformation during subsequent tectonic compression. Our analogue experiments show that when a system of basins is squeezed in a direction perpendicular to the main trend of the basins, some basins rise up to form mountains while others do not.
Frank Zwaan and Guido Schreurs
Solid Earth, 14, 823–845, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-823-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-823-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The East African Rift System (EARS) is a major plate tectonic feature splitting the African continent apart. Understanding the tectonic processes involved is of great importance for societal and economic reasons (natural hazards, resources). Laboratory experiments allow us to simulate these large-scale processes, highlighting the links between rotational plate motion and the overall development of the EARS. These insights are relevant when studying other rift systems around the globe as well.
Anna-Katharina Sieberer, Ernst Willingshofer, Thomas Klotz, Hugo Ortner, and Hannah Pomella
Solid Earth, 14, 647–681, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-647-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-647-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Through analogue models and field observations, we investigate how inherited platform–basin geometries control strain localisation, style, and orientation of reactivated and new structures during inversion. Our study shows that the style of evolving thrusts and their changes along-strike are controlled by pre-existing rheological discontinuities. The results of this study are relevant for understanding inversion structures in general and for the European eastern Southern Alps in particular.
Thorben Schöfisch, Hemin Koyi, and Bjarne Almqvist
Solid Earth, 14, 447–461, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-447-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-447-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
A magnetic fabric analysis provides information about the reorientation of magnetic grains and is applied to three sandbox models that simulate different stages of basin inversion. The analysed magnetic fabrics reflect the different developed structures and provide insights into the different deformed stages of basin inversion. It is a first attempt of applying magnetic fabric analyses to basin inversion sandbox models but shows the possibility of applying it to such models.
Timothy Chris Schmid, Sascha Brune, Anne Glerum, and Guido Schreurs
Solid Earth, 14, 389–407, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-389-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-389-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Continental rifts form by linkage of individual rift segments and disturb the regional stress field. We use analog and numerical models of such rift segment interactions to investigate the linkage of deformation and stresses and subsequent stress deflections from the regional stress pattern. This local stress re-orientation eventually causes rift deflection when multiple rift segments compete for linkage with opposingly propagating segments and may explain rift deflection as observed in nature.
Thomas B. Phillips, John B. Naliboff, Ken J. W. McCaffrey, Sophie Pan, Jeroen van Hunen, and Malte Froemchen
Solid Earth, 14, 369–388, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-369-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-369-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Continental crust comprises bodies of varying strength, formed through numerous tectonic events. When subject to extension, these areas produce distinct rift and fault systems. We use 3D models to examine how rifts form above
strongand
weakareas of crust. We find that faults become more developed in weak areas. Faults are initially stopped at the boundaries with stronger areas before eventually breaking through. We relate our model observations to rift systems globally.
Marion Roger, Arjan de Leeuw, Peter van der Beek, Laurent Husson, Edward R. Sobel, Johannes Glodny, and Matthias Bernet
Solid Earth, 14, 153–179, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-153-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-153-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We study the construction of the Ukrainian Carpathians with LT thermochronology (AFT, AHe, and ZHe) and stratigraphic analysis. QTQt thermal models are combined with burial diagrams to retrieve the timing and magnitude of sedimentary burial, tectonic burial, and subsequent exhumation of the wedge's nappes from 34 to ∼12 Ma. Out-of-sequence thrusting and sediment recycling during wedge building are also identified. This elucidates the evolution of a typical wedge in a roll-back subduction zone.
Sören Tholen, Jolien Linckens, and Gernold Zulauf
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1348, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1348, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Pre- to syn-deformational melts initiate shear localization in the km-scale shear zone of the northwestern Ronda peridotite. The crystallization of interstitial pyroxenes and melt-rock reactions at pyroxene porphyroclasts form a highly mixed assemblage (> 60 % phase boundaries). Strain localization in the melt-effected area is controlled by the activation of a grain-size-sensitive deformation mechanism under constant stress.
Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs, Susanne J. H. Buiter, Oriol Ferrer, Riccardo Reitano, Michael Rudolf, and Ernst Willingshofer
Solid Earth, 13, 1859–1905, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1859-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1859-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
When a sedimentary basin is subjected to compressional tectonic forces after its formation, it may be inverted. A thorough understanding of such
basin inversionis of great importance for scientific, societal, and economic reasons, and analogue tectonic models form a key part of our efforts to study these processes. We review the advances in the field of basin inversion modelling, showing how the modelling results can be applied, and we identify promising venues for future research.
Eleni Stavropoulou and Lyesse Laloui
Solid Earth, 13, 1823–1841, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1823-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1823-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Shales are identified as suitable caprock formations for geolocigal CO2 storage thanks to their low permeability. Here, small-sized shale samples are studied under field-representative conditions with X-ray tomography. The geochemical impact of CO2 on calcite-rich zones is for the first time visualised, the role of pre-existing micro-fissures in the CO2 invasion trapping in the matererial is highlighted, and the initiation of micro-cracks when in contact with anhydrous CO2 is demonstrated.
Conor M. O'Sullivan, Conrad J. Childs, Muhammad M. Saqab, John J. Walsh, and Patrick M. Shannon
Solid Earth, 13, 1649–1671, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1649-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1649-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Slyne Basin is a sedimentary basin located offshore north-western Ireland. It formed through a long and complex evolution involving distinct periods of extension. The basin is subdivided into smaller basins, separated by deep structures related to the ancient Caledonian mountain-building event. These deep structures influence the shape of the basin as it evolves in a relatively unique way, where early faults follow these deep structures, but later faults do not.
Mousumi Roy
Solid Earth, 13, 1415–1430, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1415-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1415-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates one of the key processes that may lead to the destruction and destabilization of continental tectonic plates: the infiltration of buoyant, hot, molten rock (magma) into the base of the plate. Using simple calculations, I suggest that heating during melt–rock interaction may thermally perturb the tectonic plate, weakening it and potentially allowing it to be reshaped from beneath. Geochemical, petrologic, and geologic observations are used to guide model parameters.
Benjamin Guillaume, Guido M. Gianni, Jean-Jacques Kermarrec, and Khaled Bock
Solid Earth, 13, 1393–1414, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1393-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1393-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Under tectonic forces, the upper part of the crust can break along different types of faults, depending on the orientation of the applied stresses. Using scaled analogue models, we show that the relative magnitude of compressional and extensional forces as well as the presence of inherited structures resulting from previous stages of deformation control the location and type of faults. Our results gives insights into the tectonic evolution of areas showing complex patterns of deformation.
Liming Li, Xianrui Li, Fanyan Yang, Lili Pan, and Jingxiong Tian
Solid Earth, 13, 1371–1391, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1371-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1371-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We constructed a three-dimensional numerical geomechanics model to obtain the continuous slip rates of active faults and crustal velocities in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Based on the analysis of the fault kinematics in the study area, we evaluated the possibility of earthquakes occurring in the main faults in the area, and analyzed the crustal deformation mechanism of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.
Andrzej Głuszyński and Paweł Aleksandrowski
Solid Earth, 13, 1219–1242, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1219-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1219-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Old seismic data recently reprocessed with modern software allowed us to study at depth the Late Cretaceous tectonic structures in the Permo-Mesozoic rock sequences in the Sudetes. The structures formed in response to Iberia collision with continental Europe. The NE–SW compression undulated the crystalline basement top and produced folds, faults and joints in the sedimentary cover. Our results are of importance for regional geology and in prospecting for deep thermal waters.
R. Dietmar Müller, Nicolas Flament, John Cannon, Michael G. Tetley, Simon E. Williams, Xianzhi Cao, Ömer F. Bodur, Sabin Zahirovic, and Andrew Merdith
Solid Earth, 13, 1127–1159, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1127-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1127-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We have built a community model for the evolution of the Earth's plate–mantle system. Created with open-source software and an open-access plate model, it covers the last billion years, including the formation, breakup, and dispersal of two supercontinents, as well as the creation and destruction of numerous ocean basins. The model allows us to
seeinto the Earth in 4D and helps us unravel the connections between surface tectonics and the
beating heartof the Earth, its convecting mantle.
Anthony Jourdon and Dave A. May
Solid Earth, 13, 1107–1125, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1107-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1107-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we present a method to compute a reference pressure based on density structure in which we cast the problem in terms of a partial differential equation (PDE). We show in the context of 3D models of continental rifting that using the pressure as a boundary condition within the flow problem results in non-cylindrical velocity fields, producing strain localization in the lithosphere along large-scale strike-slip shear zones and allowing the formation and evolution of triple junctions.
Luisa Röckel, Steffen Ahlers, Birgit Müller, Karsten Reiter, Oliver Heidbach, Andreas Henk, Tobias Hergert, and Frank Schilling
Solid Earth, 13, 1087–1105, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1087-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1087-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Reactivation of tectonic faults can lead to earthquakes and jeopardize underground operations. The reactivation potential is linked to fault properties and the tectonic stress field. We create 3D geometries for major faults in Germany and use stress data from a 3D geomechanical–numerical model to calculate their reactivation potential and compare it to seismic events. The reactivation potential in general is highest for NNE–SSW- and NW–SE-striking faults and strongly depends on the fault dip.
Nadaya Cubas, Philippe Agard, and Roxane Tissandier
Solid Earth, 13, 779–792, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-779-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-779-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Earthquake extent prediction is limited by our poor understanding of slip deficit patterns. From a mechanical analysis applied along the Chilean margin, we show that earthquakes are bounded by extensive plate interface deformation. This deformation promotes stress build-up, leading to earthquake nucleation; earthquakes then propagate along smoothed fault planes and are stopped by heterogeneously distributed deformation. Slip deficit patterns reflect the spatial distribution of this deformation.
Piotr Krzywiec, Mateusz Kufrasa, Paweł Poprawa, Stanisław Mazur, Małgorzata Koperska, and Piotr Ślemp
Solid Earth, 13, 639–658, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-639-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-639-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Legacy 2-D seismic data with newly acquired 3-D seismic data were used to construct a new model of geological evolution of NW Poland over last 400 Myr. It illustrates how the destruction of the Caledonian orogen in the Late Devonian–early Carboniferous led to half-graben formation, how they were inverted in the late Carboniferous, how the study area evolved during the formation of the Permo-Mesozoic Polish Basin and how supra-evaporitic structures were inverted in the Late Cretaceous–Paleogene.
Paolo Boncio, Eugenio Auciello, Vincenzo Amato, Pietro Aucelli, Paola Petrosino, Anna C. Tangari, and Brian R. Jicha
Solid Earth, 13, 553–582, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-553-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-553-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the Gioia Sannitica normal fault (GF) within the southern Matese fault system (SMF) in southern Apennines (Italy). It is a fault with a long slip history that has experienced recent reactivation or acceleration. Present activity has resulted in late Quaternary fault scarps and Holocene surface faulting. The maximum slip rate is ~ 0.5 mm/yr. Activation of the 11.5 km GF or the entire 30 km SMF can produce up to M 6.2 or M 6.8 earthquakes, respectively.
Sepideh Pajang, Laetitia Le Pourhiet, and Nadaya Cubas
Solid Earth, 13, 535–551, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-535-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-535-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The local topographic slope of an accretionary prism is often used to determine the effective friction on subduction megathrust. We investigate how the brittle–ductile and the smectite–illite transitions affect the topographic slope of an accretionary prism and its internal deformation to provide clues to determine the origin of observed low topographic slopes in subduction zones. We finally discuss their implications in terms of the forearc basin and forearc high genesis and nature.
Malcolm Aranha, Alok Porwal, Manikandan Sundaralingam, Ignacio González-Álvarez, Amber Markan, and Karunakar Rao
Solid Earth, 13, 497–518, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-497-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-497-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Rare earth elements (REEs) are considered critical mineral resources for future industrial growth due to their short supply and rising demand. This study applied an artificial-intelligence-based technique to target potential REE-deposit hosting areas in western Rajasthan, India. Uncertainties associated with the prospective targets were also estimated to aid decision-making. The presented workflow can be applied to similar regions elsewhere to locate potential zones of REE mineralisation.
Erica D. Erlanger, Maria Giuditta Fellin, and Sean D. Willett
Solid Earth, 13, 347–365, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-347-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-347-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We present an erosion rate analysis on dated rock and sediment from the Northern Apennine Mountains, Italy, which provides new insights on the pattern of erosion rates through space and time. This analysis shows decreasing erosion through time on the Ligurian side but increasing erosion through time on the Adriatic side. We suggest that the pattern of erosion rates is consistent with the present asymmetric topography in the Northern Apennines, which has likely existed for several million years.
Daniele Cirillo, Cristina Totaro, Giusy Lavecchia, Barbara Orecchio, Rita de Nardis, Debora Presti, Federica Ferrarini, Simone Bello, and Francesco Brozzetti
Solid Earth, 13, 205–228, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-205-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-205-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Pollino region is a highly seismic area of Italy. Increasing the geological knowledge on areas like this contributes to reducing risk and saving lives. We reconstruct the 3D model of the faults which generated the 2010–2014 seismicity integrating geological and seismological data. Appropriate relationships based on the dimensions of the activated faults suggest that they did not fully discharge their seismic potential and could release further significant earthquakes in the near future.
Steven Whitmeyer, Lynn Fichter, Anita Marshall, and Hannah Liddle
Solid Earth, 12, 2803–2820, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2803-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2803-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Field trips in the Stratigraphy, Structure, Tectonics (SST) course transitioned to a virtual format in Fall 2020, due to the COVID pandemic. Virtual field experiences (VFEs) were developed in web Google Earth and were evaluated in comparison with on-location field trips via an online survey. Students recognized the value of VFEs for revisiting outcrops and noted improved accessibility for students with disabilities. Potential benefits of hybrid field experiences were also indicated.
Amir Kalifi, Philippe Hervé Leloup, Philippe Sorrel, Albert Galy, François Demory, Vincenzo Spina, Bastien Huet, Frédéric Quillévéré, Frédéric Ricciardi, Daniel Michoux, Kilian Lecacheur, Romain Grime, Bernard Pittet, and Jean-Loup Rubino
Solid Earth, 12, 2735–2771, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2735-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2735-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Molasse deposits, deposited and deformed at the western Alpine front during the Miocene (23 to 5.6 Ma), record the chronology of that deformation. We combine the first precise chronostratigraphy (precision of ∼0.5 Ma) of the Miocene molasse, the reappraisal of the regional structure, and the analysis of growth deformation structures in order to document three tectonic phases and the precise chronology of thrust westward propagation during the second one involving the Belledonne basal thrust.
Mark R. Handy, Stefan M. Schmid, Marcel Paffrath, Wolfgang Friederich, and the AlpArray Working Group
Solid Earth, 12, 2633–2669, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2633-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2633-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
New images from the multi-national AlpArray experiment illuminate the Alps from below. They indicate thick European mantle descending beneath the Alps and forming blobs that are mostly detached from the Alps above. In contrast, the Adriatic mantle in the Alps is much thinner. This difference helps explain the rugged mountains and the abundance of subducted and exhumed units at the core of the Alps. The blobs are stretched remnants of old ocean and its margins that reach down to at least 410 km.
Maurizio Ercoli, Daniele Cirillo, Cristina Pauselli, Harry M. Jol, and Francesco Brozzetti
Solid Earth, 12, 2573–2596, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2573-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2573-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Past strong earthquakes can produce topographic deformations, often
memorizedin Quaternary sediments, which are typically studied by paleoseismologists through trenching. Using a ground-penetrating radar (GPR), we unveiled possible buried Quaternary faulting in the Mt. Pollino seismic gap region (southern Italy). We aim to contribute to seismic hazard assessment of an area potentially prone to destructive events as well as promote our workflow in similar contexts around the world.
Luca Smeraglia, Nathan Looser, Olivier Fabbri, Flavien Choulet, Marcel Guillong, and Stefano M. Bernasconi
Solid Earth, 12, 2539–2551, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2539-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2539-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, we dated fault movements at geological timescales which uplifted the sedimentary successions of the Jura Mountains from below the sea level up to Earth's surface. To do so, we applied the novel technique of U–Pb geochronology on calcite mineralizations that precipitated on fault surfaces during times of tectonic activity. Our results document a time frame of the tectonic evolution of the Jura Mountains and provide new insight into the broad geological history of the Western Alps.
Renas I. Koshnaw, Fritz Schlunegger, and Daniel F. Stockli
Solid Earth, 12, 2479–2501, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2479-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2479-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
As continental plates collide, mountain belts grow. This study investigated the provenance of rocks from the northwestern segment of the Zagros mountain belt to unravel the convergence history of the Arabian and Eurasian plates. Provenance data synthesis and field relationships suggest that the Zagros Mountains developed as a result of the oceanic crust emplacement on the Arabian continental plate, followed by the Arabia–Eurasia collision and later uplift of the broader region.
David Hindle and Jonas Kley
Solid Earth, 12, 2425–2438, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2425-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2425-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Central western Europe underwent a strange episode of lithospheric deformation, resulting in a chain of small mountains that run almost west–east across the continent and that formed in the middle of a tectonic plate, not at its edges as is usually expected. Associated with these mountains, in particular the Harz in central Germany, are marine basins contemporaneous with the mountain growth. We explain how those basins came to be as a result of the mountains bending the adjacent plate.
Andreas Eberts, Hamed Fazlikhani, Wolfgang Bauer, Harald Stollhofen, Helga de Wall, and Gerald Gabriel
Solid Earth, 12, 2277–2301, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2277-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2277-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We combine gravity anomaly and topographic data with observations from thermochronology, metamorphic grades, and the granite inventory to detect patterns of basement block segmentation and differential exhumation along the southwestern Bohemian Massif. Based on our analyses, we introduce a previously unknown tectonic structure termed Cham Fault, which, together with the Pfahl and Danube shear zones, is responsible for the exposure of different crustal levels during late to post-Variscan times.
Christoph Grützner, Simone Aschenbrenner, Petra Jamšek
Rupnik, Klaus Reicherter, Nour Saifelislam, Blaž Vičič, Marko Vrabec, Julian Welte, and Kamil Ustaszewski
Solid Earth, 12, 2211–2234, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2211-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2211-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Several large strike-slip faults in western Slovenia are known to be active, but most of them have not produced strong earthquakes in historical times. In this study we use geomorphology, near-surface geophysics, and fault excavations to show that two of these faults had surface-rupturing earthquakes during the Holocene. Instrumental and historical seismicity data do not capture the strongest events in this area.
Michael Warsitzka, Prokop Závada, Fabian Jähne-Klingberg, and Piotr Krzywiec
Solid Earth, 12, 1987–2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1987-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1987-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A new analogue modelling approach was used to simulate the influence of tectonic extension and tilting of the basin floor on salt tectonics in rift basins. Our results show that downward salt flow and gravity gliding takes place if the flanks of the rift basin are tilted. Thus, extension occurs at the basin margins, which is compensated for by reduced extension and later by shortening in the graben centre. These outcomes improve the reconstruction of salt-related structures in rift basins.
Steffen Ahlers, Andreas Henk, Tobias Hergert, Karsten Reiter, Birgit Müller, Luisa Röckel, Oliver Heidbach, Sophia Morawietz, Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth, and Denis Anikiev
Solid Earth, 12, 1777–1799, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1777-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1777-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge about the stress state in the upper crust is of great importance for many economic and scientific questions. However, our knowledge in Germany is limited since available datasets only provide pointwise, incomplete and heterogeneous information. We present the first 3D geomechanical model that provides a continuous description of the contemporary crustal stress state for Germany. The model is calibrated by the orientation of the maximum horizontal stress and stress magnitudes.
Torsten Hundebøl Hansen, Ole Rønø Clausen, and Katrine Juul Andresen
Solid Earth, 12, 1719–1747, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1719-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1719-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We have analysed the role of deep salt layers during tectonic shortening of a group of sedimentary basins buried below the North Sea. Due to the ability of salt to flow over geological timescales, the salt layers are much weaker than the surrounding rocks during tectonic deformation. Therefore, complex structures formed mainly where salt was present in our study area. Our results align with findings from other basins and experiments, underlining the importance of salt tectonics.
Frank Zwaan, Pauline Chenin, Duncan Erratt, Gianreto Manatschal, and Guido Schreurs
Solid Earth, 12, 1473–1495, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1473-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1473-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used laboratory experiments to simulate the early evolution of rift systems, and the influence of structural weaknesses left over from previous tectonic events that can localize new deformation. We find that the orientation and type of such weaknesses can induce complex structures with different orientations during a single phase of rifting, instead of requiring multiple rifting phases. These findings provide a strong incentive to reassess the tectonic history of various natural examples.
Laurent Jolivet, Laurent Arbaret, Laetitia Le Pourhiet, Florent Cheval-Garabédian, Vincent Roche, Aurélien Rabillard, and Loïc Labrousse
Solid Earth, 12, 1357–1388, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1357-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1357-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Although viscosity of the crust largely exceeds that of magmas, we show, based on the Aegean and Tyrrhenian Miocene syn-kinematic plutons, how the intrusion of granites in extensional contexts is controlled by crustal deformation, from magmatic stage to cold mylonites. We show that a simple numerical setup with partial melting in the lower crust in an extensional context leads to the formation of metamorphic core complexes and low-angle detachments reproducing the observed evolution of plutons.
Miguel Cisneros, Jaime D. Barnes, Whitney M. Behr, Alissa J. Kotowski, Daniel F. Stockli, and Konstantinos Soukis
Solid Earth, 12, 1335–1355, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1335-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1335-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Constraining the conditions at which rocks form is crucial for understanding geologic processes. For years, the conditions under which rocks from Syros, Greece, formed have remained enigmatic; yet these rocks are fundamental for understanding processes occurring at the interface between colliding tectonic plates (subduction zones). Here, we constrain conditions under which these rocks formed and show they were transported to the surface adjacent to the down-going (subducting) tectonic plate.
Karsten Reiter
Solid Earth, 12, 1287–1307, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1287-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1287-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The influence and interaction of elastic material properties (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio), density and low-friction faults on the resulting far-field stress pattern in the Earth's crust is tested with generic models. A Young's modulus contrast can lead to a significant stress rotation. Discontinuities with low friction in homogeneous models change the stress pattern only slightly, away from the fault. In addition, active discontinuities are able to compensate stress rotation.
Anthony Jourdon, Charlie Kergaravat, Guillaume Duclaux, and Caroline Huguen
Solid Earth, 12, 1211–1232, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1211-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1211-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The borders between oceans and continents, called margins, can be convergent, divergent, or horizontally sliding. The formation of oceans occurs in a divergent context. However, some divergent margin structures display an accommodation of horizontal sliding during the opening of oceans. To study and understand how the horizontal sliding part occurring during divergence influences the margin structure, we performed 3D high-resolution numerical models evolving during tens of millions of years.
Maria Francesca Ferrario and Franz Livio
Solid Earth, 12, 1197–1209, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1197-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1197-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Moderate to strong earthquakes commonly produce surface faulting, either along the primary fault or as distributed rupture on nearby faults. Hazard assessment for distributed normal faulting is based on empirical relations derived almost 15 years ago. In this study, we derive updated empirical regressions of the probability of distributed faulting as a function of distance from the primary fault, and we propose a conservative scenario to consider the full spectrum of potential rupture.
Hilmar von Eynatten, Jonas Kley, István Dunkl, Veit-Enno Hoffmann, and Annemarie Simon
Solid Earth, 12, 935–958, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-935-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-935-2021, 2021
Eline Le Breton, Sascha Brune, Kamil Ustaszewski, Sabin Zahirovic, Maria Seton, and R. Dietmar Müller
Solid Earth, 12, 885–913, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-885-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-885-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The former Piemont–Liguria Ocean, which separated Europe from Africa–Adria in the Jurassic, opened as an arm of the central Atlantic. Using plate reconstructions and geodynamic modeling, we show that the ocean reached only 250 km width between Europe and Adria. Moreover, at least 65 % of the lithosphere subducted into the mantle and/or incorporated into the Alps during convergence in Cretaceous and Cenozoic times comprised highly thinned continental crust, while only 35 % was truly oceanic.
Xiong Ou, Anne Replumaz, and Peter van der Beek
Solid Earth, 12, 563–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-563-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-563-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The low-relief, mean-elevation Baima Xueshan massif experienced slow exhumation at a rate of 0.01 km/Myr since at least 22 Ma and then regional rock uplift at 0.25 km/Myr since ~10 Ma. The high-relief, high-elevation Kawagebo massif shows much stronger local rock uplift related to the motion along a west-dipping thrust fault, at a rate of 0.45 km/Myr since at least 10 Ma, accelerating to 1.86 km/Myr since 1.6 Ma. Mekong River incision plays a minor role in total exhumation in both massifs.
Jack N. Williams, Hassan Mdala, Åke Fagereng, Luke N. J. Wedmore, Juliet Biggs, Zuze Dulanya, Patrick Chindandali, and Felix Mphepo
Solid Earth, 12, 187–217, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-187-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-187-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Earthquake hazard is often specified using instrumental records. However, this record may not accurately forecast the location and magnitude of future earthquakes as it is short (100s of years) relative to their frequency along geologic faults (1000s of years). Here, we describe an approach to assess this hazard using fault maps and GPS data. By applying this to southern Malawi, we find that its faults may host rare (1 in 10 000 years) M 7 earthquakes that pose a risk to its growing population.
Lior Suchoy, Saskia Goes, Benjamin Maunder, Fanny Garel, and Rhodri Davies
Solid Earth, 12, 79–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-79-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-79-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We use 2D numerical models to highlight the role of basal drag in subduction force balance. We show that basal drag can significantly affect velocities and evolution in our simulations and suggest an explanation as to why there are no trends in plate velocities with age in the Cenozoic subduction record (which we extracted from recent reconstruction using GPlates). The insights into the role of basal drag will help set up global models of plate dynamics or specific regional subduction models.
William Bosworth and Gábor Tari
Solid Earth, 12, 59–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-59-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-59-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Many of the world's hydrocarbon resources are found in rifted sedimentary basins. Some rifts experience multiple phases of extension and inversion. This results in complicated oil and gas generation, migration, and entrapment histories. We present examples of basins in the Western Desert of Egypt and the western Black Sea that were inverted multiple times, sometimes separated by additional phases of extension. We then discuss how these complex deformation histories impact exploration campaigns.
Samuel Mock, Christoph von Hagke, Fritz Schlunegger, István Dunkl, and Marco Herwegh
Solid Earth, 11, 1823–1847, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1823-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1823-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Based on thermochronological data, we infer thrusting along-strike the northern rim of the Central Alps between 12–4 Ma. While the lithology influences the pattern of thrusting at the local scale, we observe that thrusting in the foreland is a long-wavelength feature occurring between Lake Geneva and Salzburg. This coincides with the geometry and dynamics of the attached lithospheric slab at depth. Thus, thrusting in the foreland is at least partly linked to changes in slab dynamics.
Cited articles
Aguirre-Urreta, M. B.: Neocomian ammonite biostratigraphy of the Andean basins of Argentina and Chile, Revista Española de Paleontología, 8, 57–74, 1993.
Amilibia, A.: Compressional deformation along the Chañarcillo basin west margin: North Chilean Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous back-arc basin, Trabajos de Geología, 29, 78–83, 2009.
Amilibia, A., Sàbat, F., McClay, K. R., Muñoz, J. A., Roca, E., and Chong, G.: The role of inherited tectono-sedimentary architecture in the development of the central Andean mountain belt: insights from the Cordillera de Domeyko, J. Struct. Geol., 30, 1520–1539, 2008.
Arévalo, C.: The coastal Cordillera e Precordillera boundary in the Copiapó area, northern Chile, and the Structural Setting of the Candelaria Cu-Au Ore Deposit, Doctoral thesis (unpublished), Kingston University, 244 pp., 1999.
Arévalo, C.: Carta Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Carta Geológica Básica, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Santiago, 91, 54 pp., scale: 1:100 000, 2005a.
Arévalo, C.: Carta los Loros, Región de Atacama, Carta Geológica Básica, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Santiago, 92, 54 pp., scale: 1:100 000, 2005b.
Arévalo, C. and Grocott J.: Jurassic to Lower Eocene transtensional tectonics in the arc and back-arc of the Atacama region, Chile, in: III ISAG France, 273–275, 1996.
Arévalo, C. and Grocott, J.: The tectonic setting of the Chañarcillo Group and the Bandurrias formation: an early-late cretaceous sinistral transpressive belt between the coastal cordillera and the Precordillera, Atacama region, Chile, in: VIII Congreso Geológico Chileno (Antofagasta), Actas, 3, 1604–1607, 1997.
Arévalo, C. and Mpodozis, C.: Tectónica del Grupo Chañarcillo: una franja de cabalgamientos con vergencia al oeste en el valle del Río Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Chile, in: Congreso Geológico Chileno (Viña del Mar), Actas, 6, 81–83, 1991.
Arévalo, C. and Welkner, D.: Carta Carrizal Bajo-Chacritas, Región de Atacama, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Serie Geológica Básica, scale: 1:100 000, 2008.
Arévalo, C., Grocott, J., Martin, W., Pringle, M., and Taylor, G.: Structural Setting of the Candelaria Fe Oxide Cu-Au Deposit, Chilean Andes (27°30´ S), Econom. Geol., 101, 819–841, 2006.
Arriagada, C., Cobbold, P., and Roperch, P.: Salar de Atacama basin: A record of compressional tectonics in the central Andes since the mid-Cretaceous, Tectonics, 25, 1–19, 2006.
Blakely, R. J.: Potential Theory in Gravity & Magnetic Applications, Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne, Sydney, 441 pp., 1995.
Bonini, M.: Chronology of deformation and analogue modelling of the Plio-Pleistocene "Tiber Basin": implications for the evolution of the Northern Apennines (Italy), Tectonophysics, 285, 147–165, 1998.
Carrera, N., Muñoz, J. A., Sàbat, F., Roca, E., and Mon, R.: The role of inversion tectonics in the structure of the Cordillera Oriental (NW Argentinean Andes), J. Struct. Geol., 28, 1921–1932, 2006.
Charrier, R., Pinto, L., and Rodríguez, P.: Tectonostratographic evolution of the Andean orogen in Chile, in: The Geology of Chile, edited by: Moreno, T. and Gibbons,W., The Geol. Soc., 1–114, 2007.
Coira, B., Davidson, J., Mpodozis, C., and Ramos, V. A.: Tectonic and magmatic evolution of the Andes of northern Argentina and Chile, Earth-Sci. Rev., 18, 303–332, 1982.
Corvalán, D.: Estratigrafía del Neocomiano Marino de la Región al sur de Copiapó, Provincia de Atacama, Revista Geológica de Chile, 13–36, 1973.
Cristallini, E., Cominguez, A. H., and Ramos, V. A.: Deep structure of the Metan-Guachipas region: tectonic inversion in northwestern Argentina, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 10, 403–421, 1997.
Cristallini, E., Bottesi, G., Gavarrino, A., Rodríguez, L., Tomezzoli, R., and Comeron, R.: Synrift Geometry of the Neuquén Basin in Northeastern Neuquén Province, Argentina, in: Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 407 pp., 2006.
Dallmeyer, D. R., Brown, M., Grocott, J., Graeme, T. K., and Treloar, P. J.: Mesozoic magmatic and tectonic events within the Andean plate boundary zone, 26°–27°30´ S, north Chile: constraints from 40Ar / 39Ar mineral ages, J. Geol., 104, 19–40, 1996.
Daziel, I. W. D., Grunow, A. W., Storey, B. C., Garrett, S. W., Herrod, L. D. B., and Pankhurst, R. J.: Extensional Tectonics and the Fragmentation of Gondwana Land. In: The Geological Society, Special Publications, 28, 433–441, 1987.
Franzese, J. R. and Spalletti, L. A.: Late Triassic-early Jurassic continental extension in southwestern Gondwana: tectonic segmentation and pre-break-up rifting, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 14, 257–270, 2001.
Giambiagi, L., Alvarez, P., Bechis, F., and Tunik, M.: Influencia de las estructuras de rift triásico-jurásicas sobre el estilo de deformación en las fajas plegadas y corridas de Aconcagua y Malargüe, Mendoza, Revista Geológica Argentina, 60, 662–671, 2005.
Giambiagi, L., Ghiglione, M., Cristallini, E., and Bottesi, G.: Características estructurales del sector sur de la faja plegada y corrida de Malargüe (35°–36° S): distribución del acortamiento e influencia de estructuras previas, Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 61, 141–153, 2009.
Grimaldi, O. and Dorobek, L.: Fault framework and kinematic evolution of inversión structures: Natural examples from the Neuquén Basin, Argentina, A. A. P. G Bulletin, 95, 27–60, 2011.
Grocott, J. and Taylor, G. K.: Magmatic arc fault systems, deformation partitioning, magmatic arc fault systems and the emplacement of granitic complexes in the Coastal Cordillera, north Chilean Andes (25°–27° S), J. Geol. Soc. London, 159, 425–442, 2002.
Hinze, W. J.: Bouguer reduction density, why 2.67?, Geophysics, 68, 1559–1560, 2003.
Hoffstetter, R., Fuenzalida, H., and Cecioni, G.: Lexique Stratigrafique International, vol. 5, Amérique Latine, Chile, 444 pp., 1957.
Iaffa, D., Sábat, F., Muñoz, J. A., Mon, R., and Gutierrez, A. A.: The role of inherent structures in a foreland basin evolution. The Metán Basin in NW Argentina, J. Struct. Geol., 33, 1816–1828, 2011.
Jarvis, A., Reuter, H. I., Nelson, A., and Guevara, E.: Hole-filled SRTM for the globe Version 4, available from the CGIAR-CSI SRTM 90mDatabase, http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org, 2008.
Jensen, O.: Geología de las nacientes del río Copiapó, entre los 27°53´ y 28°20´ de latitud Sur, provincia de Atacama, Chile. Memoria de Titulo (Inédito), Universidad de Chile, Departamento de Geología, 249 pp., 1976.
Jordan, T., Mpodozis, C., Muñoz, N., Blanco, N., Pananot, P., and Gardeweg, M.: Cenozoic Subsurface Stratigraphy and Structure of the Salar de Atacama Basin, Northern Chile, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 23, 122–146, 2007.
Keller, J. V. A. and McClay, K. R.: 3-D sandbox models of positive inversion, in: Basin Inversion, edited by: Buchanan, J. G. and Buchanan, P. G., Geological Society of London Special Publication, 137–146, 1995.
Kley, J., Rosello, E., Monaldi C., and Habighorst, B.: Seismic and field evidence for selective inversion of Cretaceous normal faults, Salta rift, northwest Argentina, Tectonophysics, 399, 155–172, 2005.
Longman, I. M.: Formulas for computing the tidal acceleration due to the moon and the sun, J. Geoph. Res., 64, 2351–2355, 1959.
Maksaev, V., Munizaga, F., Valencia, V., and Barra, F.: LA-ICP-MS zircón U-Pb geochronology to constrain the age of post-Neocomian continental deposits of the Cerrillos Formation, Atacama Region, northern Chile: tectonic and metallogenic implications, Andean Geol., 36, 264–287, 2009.
Manceda, R. and Figueroa, D.: Inversion of the Mesozoic Neuquén rift in the Malargüe fold and thrust belt, Mendoza, Argentina, in: Petroleum Basins of South America, edited by: Tankard, A. J., Suárez, S. R., and Welsink, H. J., A. A. P. G Memoir, 62, 369–382, 1995.
Marschik, R. and Fontboté, L.: The Candelaria-Punta del Cobre Iron Oxide Cu-Au (-Zn-Ag) Deposits, Chile, Econom. Geol., 96, 1799–1826, 2001.
Martínez, F.: Arquitectura y dominios tectónicos de los Andes Centrales, a lo largo del segmento de subducción "Pampeano" en el norte de Chile (28°–29° S), in: I Congreso Venezolano de Geosciencias, Caracas, Venezuela, 2011.
Martínez, F., Arriagada, C., Mpodozis, C., Peña, M., and Salazar, E.: Sección estructural balanceada entre Iglesia Colorada y Tranque Lautaro (región de Copiapó): inversión tectónica de cuencas extensionales del Triásico y Jurásico (Cuenca Lautaro), in: XII Congreso Geológico Chileno, Santiago, 2009.
Martínez, F., Arriagada, C., Mpodozis, C., and Peña, M.: The Lautaro Basin: a record of inversion tectonics in northern Chile, Andean Geol., 39, 258–278, 2012.
Martínez, F., Arriagada, C., Peña, M., Del Real, I., and Deckart, K.: The structure of the Chañarcillo Basin: an example of tectonic inversion in the Atacama region, northern Chile, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 42, 1–16, 2013.
McClay, K. R. and Buchanan, P. G.: Thrust faults in inverted extensional basin, in: Thrust Tectonics, edited by: McClay, K. R., Chapman and Hall, London, 93–104, 1992.
Mescua, J. and Giambiagi, L.: Fault inversion vs. new thrust generation: A case study in the Malargüe fold-and-thrust belt, Andes of Argentina, J. Struct. Geol., 35, 51–63, 2012.
Muñoz, N., Charrier, R., and Jordan, T.: Interactions between basement and cover during the evolution of the Salar de Atacama Basin, northern Chile, Revista Geológica de Chile, 29, 55–80, 2002.
Moscoso, R. and Mpodozis, C.: Estilos estructurales en el Norte chico de Chile (28°–31° S), regiones de Atacama y Coquimbo, Revista Geológica de Chile, 15, 155–158, 1988.
Mourgues, F. A.: Advances in ammonite biostratigraphy of the marine Atacama basin (Lower Cretaceous), northern Chile, and its relationship with the Neuquén basin, Argentina, J. South Am. Sci., 17, 3–10, 2004.
Mourgues, F. A.: La transgression du Crétacé Infériur au Nord du Chili. Biostratigraphie, Paléontologie (Ammonites) Stratigraphie Séquentielle et Tectonique Synsédimentaire, Doctoral thesis (Unpublished), University of Toulouse, France, 2007.
Mpodozis, C. and Allmendinger, R.: Extensional tectonics, Cretaceous Andes, northern Chile (27° S), Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 11, 1462–1477, 1993.
Mpodozis, C. and Ramos, V. A.: The Andes of Chile and Argentina. In: Geology of the Andes and It's Relation to Hydrocarbon and Mineral Resources, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Earth Sci. Ser., 59–90, 1990.
Mpodozis, C. and Ramos, V. A.: Tectónica Jurásica en Argentina y Chile: Extensión, subducción oblicua, rifting, deriva y colisiones?, Revista de la Asociación geológica Argentina ,63, 479–495, 2008.
Mpodozis, C., Arriagada, C., Basso, M., Roperch, P., Cobbold, P., and Reich, M.: Late Mesozoic to Paleogene stratigraphy of the Salar de Atacama Basin, Antofagasta, Northern Chile: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Central Andes, Tectonophysics, 399, 125–154, 2005.
Peña, M., Arriagada, C., Martínez, F., and Becerra, J.: Carta Geológica Yerbas Buenas-Tres Morros, Región de Atacama. Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería, Santiago, scale: 1:100 000, 2013.
Pérez, E., Cooper, M., and Covacevich, V.: Aptian ammonite-based age for the Pabellón formation, Atacama region, northern Chile, Revista Geológica de Chile, 17, 181–185, 1990.
Ramos, V. A.: Anatomy and Global Context of the Andes: Main Geologic Features and the Andean Orogenic Cycle, in: The Geological Society of America, Memoir, 204 pp., 2009.
Ramos, V. A.: The tectonic regime along Andes: present-day and Mesozoic regimes, Geol. J., 45, 2–25, 2010.
Ramos, V. A. and Alemán, A.: Tectonic Evolution of the Andes, in: Tectonic evolution of South America, edited by: Cordani, U. G., Milani, E. J., Thomaz Filho, A., and Campos, D. A., Internat. Geol. Cong., 31, 635–685, Río de Janeiro, 2000.
Scheuber, E., Bogdanic, T., Jensen, A., and Reutter, K. J.: Tectonic development of the Northern Chilean Andes in relation to plate convergence and magmatism since the Jurassic, in: Tectonics of Southern Central Andes, edited by: Reutter, K. J., Scheuber, E., and Wigger, P. J., Structure and Evolution of an Active Continental Margin, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 121–140, 1994.
Segerstrom, K.: Cuadrángulo Quebrada Paipote, Province de Atacama, Carta Geológica de Chile, Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas, Santiago de Chile, 35 pp. 1960.
Segerstrom, K. and Parker, R. L.: Cuadrángulo Cerrillos, Provincia de Atacama. Carta Geológica de Chile, Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas, Santiago, 33 pp., 1959.
Segerstrom, K. and Ruiz, C.: Cuadrángulo Copiapó, Prov. De Atacama, vol. 6, Inst. Inv. Geol., Carta Geol. Chile, 115 pp., 1962.
SERVICIO GEOLÓGICO Y MINERO DE CHILE.: Mapa geológico de Chile, Servicio Nacional de Geología y Mineria, 4. Scale: 1:1.000 000, 2003.
Soffia, J. M.: Estratigrafía y geología estructural del área del río Jorquera, Región de Copiapó, Memoria de Título (Inédito), Universidad de Chile, Departamento de Geología, 159 pp., 1989.
Taylor, G., Grocott, J., Daswood, B., Gipson, M., and Arévalo, C.: Implications for crustal rotation and tectonic evolution in the Central Andes fore-arc: new paleomagnetic results from the Copiapó region of northern Chile, 26°–28° S, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B01102, https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JB003950, 2007.
Viramonte, J. G., Kay, S. M., Becchio, R., Escayola, M., and Novitsky, I.: Cretaceous rift related magmatism in central-western South America, J. South Am. Earth Sci., 12, 109–121, 1999.
Vivallos, J., Zuñiga, H., and Bello, C.: Gravimetría de la Hoja Copiapó, Región de Atacama. Serie Geofísica (1:500 000), Servicio Nacional de Geología y Mineria, Santiago de Chile, 2008.
Yamada, Y. and McClay, K. R.: Application of geometric models to inverted listric fault systems in sandbox experiments, Paper 2: Insights for possible along strike migration of material during 3-D hanging wall deformation, J. Struct. Geol., 25, 1331–1336, 2003.
Short summary
This paper discusses an integrated approach that provides new ideas about the structure of the eastern Coastal Cordillera in the western Central Andes of northern Chile (27º–28ºS). The integration of gravity and geological information shows that the architecture of this sector is related to the inversion of a Cretaceous rift system. Ages of the synorogenic deposits exposed unconformably over the inversion structure have confirmed a Late Cretaceous age for the Andean deformation in the region.
This paper discusses an integrated approach that provides new ideas about the structure of the...
