Articles | Volume 12, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1497-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1497-2021
Research article
 | 
06 Jul 2021
Research article |  | 06 Jul 2021

Four-dimensional tracer flow reconstruction in fractured rock through borehole ground-penetrating radar (GPR) monitoring

Peter-Lasse Giertzuch, Joseph Doetsch, Alexis Shakas, Mohammadreza Jalali, Bernard Brixel, and Hansruedi Maurer

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Cited articles

Allroggen, N. and Tronicke, J.: Attribute-Based Analysis of Time-Lapse Ground-Penetrating Radar Data, Geophysics, 81, H1–H8, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2015-0171.1, 2016. a
Allroggen, N., Beiter, D., and Tronicke, J.: Ground-Penetrating Radar Monitoring of Fast Subsurface Processes, Geophysics, 85, A19–A23, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0737.1, 2020. a
Amann, F., Gischig, V., Evans, K., Doetsch, J., Jalali, R., Valley, B., Krietsch, H., Dutler, N., Villiger, L., Brixel, B., Klepikova, M., Kittilä, A., Madonna, C., Wiemer, S., Saar, M. O., Loew, S., Driesner, T., Maurer, H., and Giardini, D.: The seismo-hydromechanical behavior during deep geothermal reservoir stimulations: open questions tackled in a decameter-scale in situ stimulation experiment, Solid Earth, 9, 115–137, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-115-2018, 2018. a, b, c
Andričević, R. and Cvetković, V.: Evaluation of Risk from Contaminants Migrating by Groundwater, Water Resour. Res., 32, 611–621, https://doi.org/10.1029/95WR03530, 1996. a
Brewster, M. L. and Annan, A. P.: Ground-penetrating Radar Monitoring of a Controlled DNAPL Release: 200 MHz Radar, Geophysics, 59, 1211–1221, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1443679, 1994. a
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Two time-lapse borehole ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted during saline tracer experiments in weakly fractured crystalline rock with sub-millimeter fractures apertures, targeting electrical conductivity changes. The combination of time-lapse reflection and transmission GPR surveys from different boreholes allowed monitoring the tracer flow and reconstructing the flow path and its temporal evolution in 3D and provided a realistic visualization of the hydrological processes.