Articles | Volume 14, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-43-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-43-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Method article
| 
18 Jan 2023
Method article |
| 18 Jan 2023
| 18 Jan 2023
Utilisation of probabilistic magnetotelluric modelling to constrain magnetic data inversion: proof-of-concept and field application
Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
RING, GeoRessources, Université de Lorraine, 2 rue du doyen Marcel Roubault, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
now at: RING, GeoRessources, Université de Lorraine, 2 rue du doyen Marcel Roubault, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
Hoël Seillé
CSIRO Deep Earth Imaging Future Science Platform,
Australian Resources Research Centre, Kensington, Australia
CSIRO Mineral Resources,
Australian Resources Research Centre, Kensington, Australia
Mark D. Lindsay
Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
CSIRO Mineral Resources,
Australian Resources Research Centre, Kensington, Australia
ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre in Data Analytics for Resources and Environment (DARE), Sydney, Australia
Gerhard Visser
CSIRO Mineral Resources,
Australian Resources Research Centre, Kensington, Australia
Vitaliy Ogarko
Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
Mark W. Jessell
Centre for Exploration Targeting (School of Earth Sciences), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
Mineral Exploration Cooperative Research Centre, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Australia
Related authors
Vitaliy Ogarko, Kim Frankcombe, Taige Liu, Jeremie Giraud, Roland Martin, and Mark Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 2325–2345, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2325-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2325-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a major release of the Tomofast-x open-source gravity and magnetic inversion code that is enhancing its performance and applicability for both industrial and academic studies. We focus on real-world mineral exploration scenarios, while offering flexibility for applications at regional scale or for crustal studies. The optimisation work described in this paper is fundamental to allowing more complete descriptions of the controls on magnetisation, including remanence.
Jérémie Giraud, Guillaume Caumon, Lachlan Grose, Vitaliy Ogarko, and Paul Cupillard
Solid Earth, 15, 63–89, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-63-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-63-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present and test an algorithm that integrates geological modelling into deterministic geophysical inversion. This is motivated by the need to model the Earth using all available data and to reconcile the different types of measurements. We introduce the methodology and test our algorithm using two idealised scenarios. Results suggest that the method we propose is effectively capable of improving the models recovered by geophysical inversion and may be applied in real-world scenarios.
Guillaume Pirot, Ranee Joshi, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Douglas Lindsay, and Mark Walter Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 4689–4708, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4689-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4689-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Results of a survey launched among practitioners in the mineral industry show that despite recognising the importance of uncertainty quantification it is not very well performed due to lack of data, time requirements, poor tracking of interpretations and relative complexity of uncertainty quantification. To alleviate the latter, we provide an open-source set of local and global indicators to measure geological uncertainty among an ensemble of geological models.
Richard Scalzo, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, Guillaume Pirot, Jeremie Giraud, Edward Cripps, and Sally Cripps
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 3641–3662, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3641-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3641-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper addresses numerical challenges in reasoning about geological models constrained by sensor data, especially models that describe the history of an area in terms of a sequence of events. Our method ensures that small changes in simulated geological features, such as the position of a boundary between two rock layers, do not result in unrealistically large changes to resulting sensor measurements, as occur presently using several popular modeling packages.
Mark Jessell, Jiateng Guo, Yunqiang Li, Mark Lindsay, Richard Scalzo, Jérémie Giraud, Guillaume Pirot, Ed Cripps, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 381–392, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-381-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-381-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To robustly train and test automated methods in the geosciences, we need to have access to large numbers of examples where we know
the answer. We present a suite of synthetic 3D geological models with their gravity and magnetic responses that allow researchers to test their methods on a whole range of geologically plausible models, thus overcoming one of the fundamental limitations of automation studies.
Jérémie Giraud, Vitaliy Ogarko, Roland Martin, Mark Jessell, and Mark Lindsay
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6681–6709, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We review different techniques to model the Earth's subsurface from geophysical data (gravity field anomaly, magnetic field anomaly) using geological models and measurements of the rocks' properties. We show examples of application using idealised examples reproducing realistic features and provide theoretical details of the open-source algorithm we use.
Mahtab Rashidifard, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 12, 2387–2406, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2387-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2387-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
One motivation for this study is to develop a workflow that enables the integration of geophysical datasets with different coverages that are quite common in exploration geophysics. We have utilized a level set approach to achieve this goal. The utilized technique parameterizes the subsurface in the same fashion as geological models. Our results indicate that the approach is capable of integrating information from seismic data in 2D to guide the 3D inversion results of the gravity data.
Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 11, 419–436, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-419-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-419-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a methodology for the identification of rock types using geophysical and geological information. It relies on an algorithm used in machine learning called
self-organizing maps, to which we add plausibility filters to ensure that the results respect base geological rules and geophysical measurements. Application in the Yerrida Basin (Western Australia) reveals that the thinning of prospective greenstone belts at depth could be due to deep structures not seen from surface.
Evren Pakyuz-Charrier, Mark Jessell, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 10, 1663–1684, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1663-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1663-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper improves the Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainty propagation (MCUP) method for 3-D geological modeling. Topological heterogeneity is observed in the model suite. The study demonstrates that such heterogeneity arises from piecewise nonlinearity inherent to 3-D geological models and contraindicates use of global uncertainty estimation methods. Topological-clustering-driven uncertainty estimation is proposed as a demonstrated alternative to address plausible model heterogeneity.
Jeremie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Vitaliy Ogarko, Mark Jessell, Roland Martin, and Evren Pakyuz-Charrier
Solid Earth, 10, 193–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-193-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-193-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We propose the quantitative integration of geology and geophysics in an algorithm integrating the probability of observation of rocks with gravity data to improve subsurface imaging. This allows geophysical modelling to adjust models preferentially in the least certain areas while honouring geological information and geophysical data. We validate our algorithm using an idealized case and apply it to the Yerrida Basin (Australia), where we can recover the geometry of buried greenstone belts.
Evren Pakyuz-Charrier, Mark Lindsay, Vitaliy Ogarko, Jeremie Giraud, and Mark Jessell
Solid Earth, 9, 385–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-385-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-385-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
MCUE is a method that produces probabilistic 3-D geological models by sampling from distributions that represent the uncertainty of the initial input dataset. This process generates numerous plausible datasets used to produce a range of statistically plausible 3-D models which are combined into a single probabilistic model. In this paper, improvements to distribution selection and parameterization for input uncertainty are proposed.
Vitaliy Ogarko, Kim Frankcombe, Taige Liu, Jeremie Giraud, Roland Martin, and Mark Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 2325–2345, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2325-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-2325-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a major release of the Tomofast-x open-source gravity and magnetic inversion code that is enhancing its performance and applicability for both industrial and academic studies. We focus on real-world mineral exploration scenarios, while offering flexibility for applications at regional scale or for crustal studies. The optimisation work described in this paper is fundamental to allowing more complete descriptions of the controls on magnetisation, including remanence.
Jiateng Guo, Xuechuang Xu, Luyuan Wang, Xulei Wang, Lixin Wu, Mark Jessell, Vitaliy Ogarko, Zhibin Liu, and Yufei Zheng
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 957–973, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-957-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-957-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
This study proposes a semi-supervised learning algorithm using pseudo-labels for 3D geological modelling. We establish a 3D geological model using borehole data from a complex real urban local survey area in Shenyang and make an uncertainty analysis of this model. The method effectively expands the sample space, which is suitable for geomodelling and uncertainty analysis from boreholes. The modelling results perform well in terms of spatial morphology and geological semantics.
Jérémie Giraud, Guillaume Caumon, Lachlan Grose, Vitaliy Ogarko, and Paul Cupillard
Solid Earth, 15, 63–89, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-63-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-63-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present and test an algorithm that integrates geological modelling into deterministic geophysical inversion. This is motivated by the need to model the Earth using all available data and to reconcile the different types of measurements. We introduce the methodology and test our algorithm using two idealised scenarios. Results suggest that the method we propose is effectively capable of improving the models recovered by geophysical inversion and may be applied in real-world scenarios.
Guillaume Pirot, Ranee Joshi, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Douglas Lindsay, and Mark Walter Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 4689–4708, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4689-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4689-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Results of a survey launched among practitioners in the mineral industry show that despite recognising the importance of uncertainty quantification it is not very well performed due to lack of data, time requirements, poor tracking of interpretations and relative complexity of uncertainty quantification. To alleviate the latter, we provide an open-source set of local and global indicators to measure geological uncertainty among an ensemble of geological models.
Richard Scalzo, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, Guillaume Pirot, Jeremie Giraud, Edward Cripps, and Sally Cripps
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 3641–3662, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3641-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-3641-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper addresses numerical challenges in reasoning about geological models constrained by sensor data, especially models that describe the history of an area in terms of a sequence of events. Our method ensures that small changes in simulated geological features, such as the position of a boundary between two rock layers, do not result in unrealistically large changes to resulting sensor measurements, as occur presently using several popular modeling packages.
Mark Jessell, Jiateng Guo, Yunqiang Li, Mark Lindsay, Richard Scalzo, Jérémie Giraud, Guillaume Pirot, Ed Cripps, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 381–392, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-381-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-381-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
To robustly train and test automated methods in the geosciences, we need to have access to large numbers of examples where we know
the answer. We present a suite of synthetic 3D geological models with their gravity and magnetic responses that allow researchers to test their methods on a whole range of geologically plausible models, thus overcoming one of the fundamental limitations of automation studies.
Ranee Joshi, Kavitha Madaiah, Mark Jessell, Mark Lindsay, and Guillaume Pirot
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6711–6740, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6711-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6711-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed a software that allows the user to extract and standardize drill hole information from legacy datasets and/or different drilling campaigns. It also provides functionality to upscale the lithological information. These functionalities were possible by developing thesauri to identify and group geological terminologies together.
Jérémie Giraud, Vitaliy Ogarko, Roland Martin, Mark Jessell, and Mark Lindsay
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6681–6709, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We review different techniques to model the Earth's subsurface from geophysical data (gravity field anomaly, magnetic field anomaly) using geological models and measurements of the rocks' properties. We show examples of application using idealised examples reproducing realistic features and provide theoretical details of the open-source algorithm we use.
Mahtab Rashidifard, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 12, 2387–2406, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2387-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2387-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
One motivation for this study is to develop a workflow that enables the integration of geophysical datasets with different coverages that are quite common in exploration geophysics. We have utilized a level set approach to achieve this goal. The utilized technique parameterizes the subsurface in the same fashion as geological models. Our results indicate that the approach is capable of integrating information from seismic data in 2D to guide the 3D inversion results of the gravity data.
Lachlan Grose, Laurent Ailleres, Gautier Laurent, Guillaume Caumon, Mark Jessell, and Robin Armit
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6197–6213, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6197-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6197-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Fault discontinuities in rock packages represent the plane where two blocks of rock have moved. They are challenging to incorporate into geological models because the geometry of the faulted rock units are defined by not only the location of the discontinuity but also the kinematics of the fault. In this paper, we outline a structural geology framework for incorporating faults into geological models by directly incorporating kinematics into the mathematical framework of the model.
Mark Jessell, Vitaliy Ogarko, Yohan de Rose, Mark Lindsay, Ranee Joshi, Agnieszka Piechocka, Lachlan Grose, Miguel de la Varga, Laurent Ailleres, and Guillaume Pirot
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 5063–5092, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5063-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-5063-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed software that allows the user to extract sufficient information from unmodified digital maps and associated datasets that we are able to use to automatically build 3D geological models. By automating the process we are able to remove human bias from the procedure, which makes the workflow reproducible.
Lachlan Grose, Laurent Ailleres, Gautier Laurent, and Mark Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3915–3937, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3915-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3915-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
LoopStructural is an open-source 3D geological modelling library with a model design allowing for multiple different algorithms to be used for comparison for the same geology. Geological structures are modelled using structural geology concepts and techniques, allowing for complex structures such as overprinted folds and faults to be modelled. In the paper, we demonstrate automatically generating a 3-D model from map2loop-processed geological survey data of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia.
Mark D. Lindsay, Sandra Occhipinti, Crystal Laflamme, Alan Aitken, and Lara Ramos
Solid Earth, 11, 1053–1077, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1053-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1053-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Integrated interpretation of multiple datasets is a key skill required for better understanding the composition and configuration of the Earth's crust. Geophysical and 3D geological modelling are used here to aid the interpretation process in investigating anomalous and cryptic geophysical signatures which suggest a more complex structure and history of a Palaeoproterozoic basin in Western Australia.
Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Mark Jessell, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 11, 419–436, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-419-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-419-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We propose a methodology for the identification of rock types using geophysical and geological information. It relies on an algorithm used in machine learning called
self-organizing maps, to which we add plausibility filters to ensure that the results respect base geological rules and geophysical measurements. Application in the Yerrida Basin (Western Australia) reveals that the thinning of prospective greenstone belts at depth could be due to deep structures not seen from surface.
Evren Pakyuz-Charrier, Mark Jessell, Jérémie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, and Vitaliy Ogarko
Solid Earth, 10, 1663–1684, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1663-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1663-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper improves the Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainty propagation (MCUP) method for 3-D geological modeling. Topological heterogeneity is observed in the model suite. The study demonstrates that such heterogeneity arises from piecewise nonlinearity inherent to 3-D geological models and contraindicates use of global uncertainty estimation methods. Topological-clustering-driven uncertainty estimation is proposed as a demonstrated alternative to address plausible model heterogeneity.
Jeremie Giraud, Mark Lindsay, Vitaliy Ogarko, Mark Jessell, Roland Martin, and Evren Pakyuz-Charrier
Solid Earth, 10, 193–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-193-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-193-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We propose the quantitative integration of geology and geophysics in an algorithm integrating the probability of observation of rocks with gravity data to improve subsurface imaging. This allows geophysical modelling to adjust models preferentially in the least certain areas while honouring geological information and geophysical data. We validate our algorithm using an idealized case and apply it to the Yerrida Basin (Australia), where we can recover the geometry of buried greenstone belts.
Evren Pakyuz-Charrier, Mark Lindsay, Vitaliy Ogarko, Jeremie Giraud, and Mark Jessell
Solid Earth, 9, 385–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-385-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-385-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
MCUE is a method that produces probabilistic 3-D geological models by sampling from distributions that represent the uncertainty of the initial input dataset. This process generates numerous plausible datasets used to produce a range of statistically plausible 3-D models which are combined into a single probabilistic model. In this paper, improvements to distribution selection and parameterization for input uncertainty are proposed.
Xiaojun Feng, Enyuan Wang, Jérôme Ganne, Roland Martin, and Mark W. Jessell
Solid Earth Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2017-142, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-2017-142, 2018
Preprint withdrawn
J. Florian Wellmann, Sam T. Thiele, Mark D. Lindsay, and Mark W. Jessell
Geosci. Model Dev., 9, 1019–1035, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1019-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1019-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We often obtain knowledge about the subsurface in the form of structural geological models, as a basis for subsurface usage or resource extraction. Here, we provide a modelling code to construct such models on the basis of significant deformational events in geological history, encapsulated in kinematic equations. Our methods simplify complex dynamic processes, but enable us to evaluate how events interact, and finally how certain we are about predictions of structures in the subsurface.
Related subject area
Subject area: Crustal structure and composition | Editorial team: Seismics, seismology, paleoseismology, geoelectrics, and electromagnetics | Discipline: Geophysics
Comparison of surface-wave techniques to estimate S- and P-wave velocity models from active seismic data
Complex fault system revealed by 3-D seismic reflection data with deep learning and fault network analysis
Advanced seismic characterization of a geothermal carbonate reservoir – insight into the structure and diagenesis of a reservoir in the German Molasse Basin
Electrical conductivity of anhydrous and hydrous gabbroic melt under high temperature and high pressure: implications for the high-conductivity anomalies in the mid-ocean ridge region
Formation and geophysical character of transitional crust at the passive continental margin around Walvis Ridge, Namibia
Comparison of straight-ray and curved-ray surface wave tomography approaches in near-surface studies
3D deep geothermal reservoir imaging with wireline distributed acoustic sensing in two boreholes
3D high-resolution seismic imaging of the iron oxide deposits in Ludvika (Sweden) using full-waveform inversion and reverse time migration
Three-dimensional reflection seismic imaging of the iron oxide deposits in the Ludvika mining area, Sweden, using Fresnel volume migration
Drone-based magnetic and multispectral surveys to develop a 3D model for mineral exploration at Qullissat, Disko Island, Greenland
Ambient seismic noise analysis of LARGE-N data for mineral exploration in the Central Erzgebirge, Germany
Surface-wave tomography for mineral exploration: a successful combination of passive and active data (Siilinjärvi phosphorus mine, Finland)
Imaging crustal structures through a passive seismic imaging approach in a mining area in Saxony, Germany
Reverse time migration (RTM) imaging of iron oxide deposits in the Ludvika mining area, Sweden
Near-surface structure of the Sodankylä area in Finland, obtained by passive seismic interferometry
Evolution of the Iberian Massif as deduced from its crustal thickness and geometry of a mid-crustal (Conrad) discontinuity
Four-dimensional tracer flow reconstruction in fractured rock through borehole ground-penetrating radar (GPR) monitoring
Moho topography beneath the European Eastern Alps by global-phase seismic interferometry
Seismic imaging across fault systems in the Abitibi greenstone belt – an analysis of pre- and post-stack migration approaches in the Chibougamau area, Quebec, Canada
Wireline distributed acoustic sensing allows 4.2 km deep vertical seismic profiling of the Rotliegend 150 °C geothermal reservoir in the North German Basin
Sparse 3D reflection seismic survey for deep-targeting iron oxide deposits and their host rocks, Ludvika Mines, Sweden
Fault sealing and caprock integrity for CO2 storage: an in situ injection experiment
What can seismic noise tell us about the Alpine reactivation of the Iberian Massif? An example in the Iberian Central System
In situ hydromechanical responses during well drilling recorded by fiber-optic distributed strain sensing
Coherent diffraction imaging for enhanced fault and fracture network characterization
Seismic evidence for failed rifting in the Ligurian Basin, Western Alpine domain
Azimuth-, angle- and frequency-dependent seismic velocities of cracked rocks due to squirt flow
Characteristics of a fracture network surrounding a hydrothermally altered shear zone from geophysical borehole logs
Bayesian full-waveform inversion of tube waves to estimate fracture aperture and compliance
Correlation of core and downhole seismic velocities in high-pressure metamorphic rocks: a case study for the COSC-1 borehole, Sweden
Prediction of seismic P-wave velocity using machine learning
Large-scale electrical resistivity tomography in the Cheb Basin (Eger Rift) at an International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) monitoring site to image fluid-related structures
Anisotropic P-wave travel-time tomography implementing Thomsen's weak approximation in TOMO3D
Full-waveform inversion of short-offset, band-limited seismic data in the Alboran Basin (SE Iberia)
Fault interpretation in seismic reflection data: an experiment analysing the impact of conceptual model anchoring and vertical exaggeration
Improving the quality of empirical Green's functions, obtained by cross-correlation of high-frequency ambient seismic noise
Quantifying the impact of the structural uncertainty on the gross rock volume in the Lubina and Montanazo oil fields (Western Mediterranean)
What happens to fracture energy in brittle fracture? Revisiting the Griffith assumption
Constraining the geotherm beneath the British Isles from Bayesian inversion of Curie depth: integrated modelling of magnetic, geothermal, and seismic data
Crustal-scale depth imaging via joint full-waveform inversion of ocean-bottom seismometer data and pre-stack depth migration of multichannel seismic data: a case study from the eastern Nankai Trough
Imaging the East European Craton margin in northern Poland using extended correlation processing of regional seismic reflection profiles
Ionian Abyssal Plain: a window into the Tethys oceanic lithosphere
Granite microporosity changes due to fracturing and alteration: secondary mineral phases as proxies for porosity and permeability estimation
3-D seismic travel-time tomography validation of a detailed subsurface model: a case study of the Záncara river basin (Cuenca, Spain)
The effect of rock composition on muon tomography measurements
Seismic imaging of dyke swarms within the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone (Sweden) and implications for thermal energy storage
Farbod Khosro Anjom, Frank Adler, and Laura Valentina Socco
Solid Earth, 15, 367–386, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-367-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-15-367-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Most surface-wave techniques focus on estimating the S-wave velocity (VS) model and consider the P-wave velocity (VP) model as prior information in the inversion step. Here, we show the application of three surface-wave methods to estimate both VS and VP models. We apply the methods to the data from a hard-rock site that were acquired through the irregular source–receiver recording technique. We compare the outcomes and performances of the methods in detail.
Thilo Wrona, Indranil Pan, Rebecca E. Bell, Christopher A.-L. Jackson, Robert L. Gawthorpe, Haakon Fossen, Edoseghe E. Osagiede, and Sascha Brune
Solid Earth, 14, 1181–1195, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1181-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-1181-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We need to understand where faults are to do the following: (1) assess their seismic hazard, (2) explore for natural resources and (3) store CO2 safely in the subsurface. Currently, we still map subsurface faults primarily by hand using seismic reflection data, i.e. acoustic images of the Earth. Mapping faults this way is difficult and time-consuming. Here, we show how to use deep learning to accelerate fault mapping and how to use networks or graphs to simplify fault analyses.
Sonja H. Wadas, Johanna F. Krumbholz, Vladimir Shipilin, Michael Krumbholz, David C. Tanner, and Hermann Buness
Solid Earth, 14, 871–908, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-871-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-871-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The geothermal carbonate reservoir below Munich, Germany, is extremely heterogeneous because it is controlled by many factors like lithology, diagenesis, karstification, and tectonic deformation. We used a 3D seismic single- and multi-attribute analysis combined with well data and a neural-net-based lithology classification to obtain an improved reservoir concept outlining its structural and diagenetic evolution and to identify high-quality reservoir zones in the Munich area.
Mengqi Wang, Lidong Dai, Haiying Hu, Ziming Hu, Chenxin Jing, Chuanyu Yin, Song Luo, and Jinhua Lai
Solid Earth, 14, 847–858, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-847-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-847-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This is the first time that the electrical conductivity of gabbroic melt was assessed at high temperature and high pressure. The dependence of electrical conductivity on the degree of depolymerization was also explored. Electrical conductivity of gabbroic melts can be employed to interpret high-conductivity anomalies in the Mohns Ridge of the Arctic Ocean. This is of widespread interest to potential readers in high-pressure rock physics, solid geophysics, and deep Earth science.
Gesa Franz, Marion Jegen, Max Moorkamp, Christian Berndt, and Wolfgang Rabbel
Solid Earth, 14, 237–259, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-237-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-14-237-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Our study focuses on the correlation of two geophysical parameters (electrical resistivity and density) with geological units. We use this computer-aided correlation to improve interpretation of the Earth’s formation history along the Namibian coast and the associated formation of the South Atlantic Ocean. It helps to distinguish different types of sediment cover and varieties of oceanic crust, as well as to identify typical features associated with the breakup of continents.
Mohammadkarim Karimpour, Evert Slob, and Laura Valentina Socco
Solid Earth, 13, 1569–1583, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1569-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1569-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Near-surface characterisation is of great importance. Surface wave tomography (SWT) is a powerful tool to model the subsurface. In this work we compare straight-ray and curved-ray SWT at near-surface scale. We apply both approaches to four datasets and compare the results in terms of the quality of the final model and the computational cost. We show that in the case of high data coverage, straight-ray SWT can produce similar results to curved-ray SWT but with less computational cost.
Evgeniia Martuganova, Manfred Stiller, Ben Norden, Jan Henninges, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 13, 1291–1307, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1291-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1291-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate the applicability of vertical seismic profiling (VSP) acquired using wireline distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology for deep geothermal reservoir imaging and characterization. Borehole DAS data provide critical input for seismic interpretation and help assess small-scale geological structures. This case study can be used as a basis for detailed structural exploration of geothermal reservoirs and provide insightful information for geothermal exploration projects.
Brij Singh, Michał Malinowski, Andrzej Górszczyk, Alireza Malehmir, Stefan Buske, Łukasz Sito, and Paul Marsden
Solid Earth, 13, 1065–1085, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1065-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-1065-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Fast depletion of shallower deposits is pushing the mining industry to look for cutting-edge technologies for deep mineral targeting. We demonstrated a joint workflow including two state-of-the-art technologies: full-waveform inversion and reverse time migration. We produced Earth images with significant details which can help with better estimation of areas with high mineralisation, better mine planning and safety measures.
Felix Hloušek, Michal Malinowski, Lena Bräunig, Stefan Buske, Alireza Malehmir, Magdalena Markovic, Lukasz Sito, Paul Marsden, and Emma Bäckström
Solid Earth, 13, 917–934, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-917-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-917-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Methods for mineral exploration play an important role within the EU. Exploration must be environmentally friendly, cost effective, and feasible in populated areas. Seismic methods have the potential to deliver detailed images of mineral deposits but suffer from these demands. We show the results for a sparse 3D seismic dataset acquired in Sweden. The 3D depth image allows us to track the known mineralizations beyond the known extent and gives new insights into the geometry of the deposit.
Robert Jackisch, Björn H. Heincke, Robert Zimmermann, Erik V. Sørensen, Markku Pirttijärvi, Moritz Kirsch, Heikki Salmirinne, Stefanie Lode, Urpo Kuronen, and Richard Gloaguen
Solid Earth, 13, 793–825, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-793-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-793-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We integrate UAS-based magnetic and multispectral data with legacy exploration data of a Ni–Cu–PGE prospect on Disko Island, West Greenland. The basalt unit has a complex magnetization, and we use a constrained 3D magnetic vector inversion to estimate magnetic properties and spatial dimensions of the target unit. Our 3D modelling reveals a horizontal sheet and a strong remanent magnetization component. We highlight the advantage of UAS use in rugged and remote terrain.
Trond Ryberg, Moritz Kirsch, Christian Haberland, Raimon Tolosana-Delgado, Andrea Viezzoli, and Richard Gloaguen
Solid Earth, 13, 519–533, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-519-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-519-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Novel methods for mineral exploration play an important role in future resource exploration. The methods have to be environmentally friendly, socially accepted and cost effective by integrating multidisciplinary methodologies. We investigate the potential of passive, ambient noise tomography combined with 3D airborne electromagnetics for mineral exploration in Geyer, Germany. We show that the combination of the two geophysical data sets has promising potential for future mineral exploration.
Chiara Colombero, Myrto Papadopoulou, Tuomas Kauti, Pietari Skyttä, Emilia Koivisto, Mikko Savolainen, and Laura Valentina Socco
Solid Earth, 13, 417–429, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-417-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-13-417-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Passive-source surface waves may be exploited in mineral exploration for deeper investigations. We propose a semi-automatic workflow for their processing. The geological interpretation of the results obtained at a mineral site (Siilinjärvi phosphorus mine) shows large potentialities and effectiveness of the proposed workflow.
Hossein Hassani, Felix Hloušek, Stefan Buske, and Olaf Wallner
Solid Earth, 12, 2703–2715, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2703-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2703-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Passive seismic imaging methods use natural earthquakes as seismic sources, while in active seismic imaging methods, artificial sources (e.g. explosives) are used to generate seismic waves. We imaged some structures related to a major fault plane through a passive seismic imaging approach using microearthquakes with magnitudes smaller than 0.9 (Mw). These structures have not been illuminated by a previously conducted 3D active seismic survey due to their large dip angles.
Yinshuai Ding and Alireza Malehmir
Solid Earth, 12, 1707–1718, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1707-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1707-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this article, we investigate the potential of reverse time migration (RTM) for deep targeting iron oxide deposits and the possible AVO effect that is potentially seen in the common image gathers from this migration algorithm. The results are promising and help to delineate the deposits and host rock structures using a 2D dataset from the Ludvika mines of central Sweden.
Nikita Afonin, Elena Kozlovskaya, Suvi Heinonen, and Stefan Buske
Solid Earth, 12, 1563–1579, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1563-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1563-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In our study, we show the results of a passive seismic interferometry application for mapping the uppermost crust in the area of active mineral exploration in northern Finland. The obtained velocity models agree well with geological data and complement the results of reflection seismic data interpretation.
Puy Ayarza, José Ramón Martínez Catalán, Ana Martínez García, Juan Alcalde, Juvenal Andrés, José Fernando Simancas, Immaculada Palomeras, David Martí, Irene DeFelipe, Chris Juhlin, and Ramón Carbonell
Solid Earth, 12, 1515–1547, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1515-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1515-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Vertical incidence seismic profiling on the Iberian Massif images a mid-crustal-scale discontinuity at the top of the reflective lower crust. This feature shows that upper- and lower-crustal reflections merge into it, suggesting that it has often behaved as a detachment. The orogen-scale extension of this discontinuity, present in Gondwanan and Avalonian affinity terranes into the Iberian Massif, demonstrates its relevance, leading us to interpret it as the Conrad discontinuity.
Peter-Lasse Giertzuch, Joseph Doetsch, Alexis Shakas, Mohammadreza Jalali, Bernard Brixel, and Hansruedi Maurer
Solid Earth, 12, 1497–1513, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1497-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1497-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Two time-lapse borehole ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys were conducted during saline tracer experiments in weakly fractured crystalline rock with sub-millimeter fractures apertures, targeting electrical conductivity changes. The combination of time-lapse reflection and transmission GPR surveys from different boreholes allowed monitoring the tracer flow and reconstructing the flow path and its temporal evolution in 3D and provided a realistic visualization of the hydrological processes.
Irene Bianchi, Elmer Ruigrok, Anne Obermann, and Edi Kissling
Solid Earth, 12, 1185–1196, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1185-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1185-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The European Alps formed during collision between the European and Adriatic plates and are one of the most studied orogens for understanding the dynamics of mountain building. In the Eastern Alps, the contact between the colliding plates is still a matter of debate. We have used the records from distant earthquakes to highlight the geometries of the crust–mantle boundary in the Eastern Alpine area; our results suggest a complex and faulted internal crustal structure beneath the higher crests.
Saeid Cheraghi, Alireza Malehmir, Mostafa Naghizadeh, David Snyder, Lucie Mathieu, and Pierre Bedeaux
Solid Earth, 12, 1143–1164, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1143-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-1143-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution seismic profiles in 2D are acquired in the north and south of the Chibougamau area, Quebec, Canada located in the northeast of the Abitibi Greenstone belt. The area mostly includes volcanic rocks, and both profiles cross over several fault zones. The seismic method is acquired to image the subsurface down to depth of 12 km. The main aim of this study is to image major fault zones and the geological formations connected to those faults to investigate metal endowment in the area.
Jan Henninges, Evgeniia Martuganova, Manfred Stiller, Ben Norden, and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 12, 521–537, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-521-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-521-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We performed a seismic survey in two 4.3 km deep geothermal research wells using the novel method of distributed acoustic sensing and wireline cables. The characteristics of the acquired data, methods for data processing and quality improvement, and interpretations on the geometry and structure of the sedimentary and volcanic reservoir rocks are presented. The method enables measurements at high temperatures and reduced cost compared to conventional sensors.
Alireza Malehmir, Magdalena Markovic, Paul Marsden, Alba Gil, Stefan Buske, Lukasz Sito, Emma Bäckström, Martiya Sadeghi, and Stefan Luth
Solid Earth, 12, 483–502, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-483-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-483-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A smooth transition toward decarbonization demands access to more minerals of critical importance. Europe has a good geology for many of these mineral deposits, but at a depth requiring sensitive, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective methods for their exploration. In this context, we present a sparse 3D seismic dataset that allowed identification of potential iron oxide resources at depth and helped to characterise key geological structures and a historical tailing in central Sweden.
Alba Zappone, Antonio Pio Rinaldi, Melchior Grab, Quinn C. Wenning, Clément Roques, Claudio Madonna, Anne C. Obermann, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Matthias S. Brennwald, Rolf Kipfer, Florian Soom, Paul Cook, Yves Guglielmi, Christophe Nussbaum, Domenico Giardini, Marco Mazzotti, and Stefan Wiemer
Solid Earth, 12, 319–343, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-319-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-319-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The success of the geological storage of carbon dioxide is linked to the availability at depth of a capable reservoir and an impermeable caprock. The sealing capacity of the caprock is a key parameter for long-term CO2 containment. Faults crosscutting the caprock might represent preferential pathways for CO2 to escape. A decameter-scale experiment on injection in a fault, monitored by an integrated network of multiparamerter sensors, sheds light on the mobility of fluids within the fault.
Juvenal Andrés, Puy Ayarza, Martin Schimmel, Imma Palomeras, Mario Ruiz, and Ramon Carbonell
Solid Earth, 11, 2499–2513, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2499-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2499-2020, 2020
Yi Zhang, Xinglin Lei, Tsutomu Hashimoto, and Ziqiu Xue
Solid Earth, 11, 2487–2497, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2487-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2487-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Spatially continuous strain responses in two monitoring wells induced by a well-drilling process were monitored using high-resolution fiber-optic distributed strain sensing (DSS). The modeling results suggest that the strain polarities and magnitudes along the wellbores may be indicative of the layered-permeability structure or heterogeneous formation damage. The performance and value of DSS as a novel hydrogeophysical tool for in situ subsurface monitoring are emphasized.
Benjamin Schwarz and Charlotte M. Krawczyk
Solid Earth, 11, 1891–1907, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1891-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1891-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Intricate fault and fracture networks cut through the upper crust, and their detailed delineation and characterization play an important role in the Earth sciences. While conventional geophysical sounding techniques only provide indirect means of detection, we present scale-spanning field data examples, in which coherent diffraction imaging – a framework inspired by optics and visual perception – enables the direct imaging of these crustal features at an unprecedented spatial resolution.
Anke Dannowski, Heidrun Kopp, Ingo Grevemeyer, Dietrich Lange, Martin Thorwart, Jörg Bialas, and Martin Wollatz-Vogt
Solid Earth, 11, 873–887, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-873-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-873-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Ligurian Sea opened ~30–15 Ma during the SE migration of the Calabrian subduction zone. Seismic travel time tomography reveals the absence of oceanic crust, documenting that the extension of continental lithosphere stopped before seafloor spreading initiated. The extension led to extreme crustal thinning and possibly exhumed mantle accompanied by syn-rift sedimentation. Our new interpretation of the crust's nature is important for plate reconstruction modelling related to the Alpine orogen.
Yury Alkhimenkov, Eva Caspari, Simon Lissa, and Beatriz Quintal
Solid Earth, 11, 855–871, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-855-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-855-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We perform a three-dimensional numerical study of the fluid–solid deformation at the pore scale. We show that seismic wave velocities exhibit strong azimuth-, angle- and frequency-dependent behavior due to squirt flow between interconnected cracks. We conclude that the overall anisotropy mainly increases due to squirt flow, but in some specific planes it can locally decrease as well as increase, depending on the material properties.
Eva Caspari, Andrew Greenwood, Ludovic Baron, Daniel Egli, Enea Toschini, Kaiyan Hu, and Klaus Holliger
Solid Earth, 11, 829–854, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-829-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-829-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A shallow borehole was drilled to explore the petrophysical and hydraulic characteristics of a hydrothermally active fault in the crystalline Aar massif of the Alps. A key objective of studying surficial features of this kind is to establish analogies with natural and deep-seated engineered hydrothermal systems. A wide range of geophysical borehole logs was acquired, which revealed a complex fracture network in the damage zone of the fault and a related compartmentalized hydraulic behavior.
Jürg Hunziker, Andrew Greenwood, Shohei Minato, Nicolás Daniel Barbosa, Eva Caspari, and Klaus Holliger
Solid Earth, 11, 657–668, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-657-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-657-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The characterization of fractures is crucial for a wide range of pertinent applications, such as geothermal energy production, hydrocarbon exploration, CO2 sequestration, and nuclear waste disposal. We estimate fracture parameters based on waves that travel along boreholes (tube waves) using a stochastic optimization approach.
Felix Kästner, Simona Pierdominici, Judith Elger, Alba Zappone, Jochem Kück, and Christian Berndt
Solid Earth, 11, 607–626, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-607-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-607-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Knowledge about physical properties at depth is crucial to image and understand structures linked with orogenic processes. We examined seismic velocities from core and downhole data from the COSC-1 borehole, Sweden, and calibrated our results with laboratory measurements on core samples. Despite a strong mismatch between the core and downhole velocities due to microcracks, mafic units are resolved at all scales, while at sample scale, strong seismic anisotropy correlates with the rock foliation.
Ines Dumke and Christian Berndt
Solid Earth, 10, 1989–2000, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1989-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1989-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Knowing the velocity with which seismic waves travel through the top of the crust is important both for identifying anomalies, e.g. the presence of resources, and for geophysical data evaluation. Traditionally this has been done by using empirical functions. Here, we use machine learning to derive better seismic velocity estimates for the crust below the oceans. In most cases this methods performs better than empirical averages.
Tobias Nickschick, Christina Flechsig, Jan Mrlina, Frank Oppermann, Felix Löbig, and Thomas Günther
Solid Earth, 10, 1951–1969, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1951-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1951-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
An active CO2 degassing site in the western Eger Rift, Czech Republic, was investigated with a 6.5 km long geophysical survey using a specific large-scale geoelectrical setup, supported by shallow geoelectrical surveys and gravity measurements. The experiment reveals unusually low resistivities in the sediments and basement below the degassing area of less than 10 Ω and provides a base for a custom geological model of the area for a future 400 m deep research drilling in this area.
Adrià Meléndez, Clara Estela Jiménez, Valentí Sallarès, and César R. Ranero
Solid Earth, 10, 1857–1876, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1857-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1857-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A new code for anisotropic travel-time tomography is presented. We describe the equations governing the anisotropic ray propagation algorithm and the modified inversion solver. We study the sensitivity of two medium parameterizations and compare four inversion strategies on a canonical model. This code can provide better understanding of the Earth's subsurface in the rather common geological contexts in which seismic velocity displays a weak dependency on the polar angle of ray propagation.
Clàudia Gras, Daniel Dagnino, Clara Estela Jiménez-Tejero, Adrià Meléndez, Valentí Sallarès, and César R. Ranero
Solid Earth, 10, 1833–1855, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1833-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1833-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present a workflow that combines different geophysical techniques, showing that a detailed seismic velocity model can be obtained even for non-optimal data sets, i.e. relatively short-offset, band-limited streamer data recorded in deep water. This fact has an important implication for the Marine seismic community, suggesting that many of the existing data sets should be revisited and analysed with new techniques to enhance our understanding of the subsurface, as in the Alboran Basin case.
Juan Alcalde, Clare E. Bond, Gareth Johnson, Armelle Kloppenburg, Oriol Ferrer, Rebecca Bell, and Puy Ayarza
Solid Earth, 10, 1651–1662, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1651-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1651-2019, 2019
Nikita Afonin, Elena Kozlovskaya, Jouni Nevalainen, and Janne Narkilahti
Solid Earth, 10, 1621–1634, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1621-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1621-2019, 2019
Carla Patricia Bárbara, Patricia Cabello, Alexandre Bouche, Ingrid Aarnes, Carlos Gordillo, Oriol Ferrer, Maria Roma, and Pau Arbués
Solid Earth, 10, 1597–1619, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1597-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1597-2019, 2019
Timothy R. H. Davies, Maurice J. McSaveney, and Natalya V. Reznichenko
Solid Earth, 10, 1385–1395, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1385-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1385-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Griffith (1921) assumed that energy used to create new surface area by breaking intact rock immediately becomes surface energy which is not available for further breakage. Our lab data disprove this assumption; we created much more new surface area, 90 % on submicron fragments, than the energy involved should allow. As technology allows ever smaller fragments to be measured, continued use of the Griffith assumption will lead to incorrect energy budgets for earthquakes and rock avalanches.
Ben Mather and Javier Fullea
Solid Earth, 10, 839–850, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-839-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-839-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The temperature in the crust can be constrained by the Curie depth, which is often interpreted as the 580 °C isotherm. We cast the estimation of Curie depth, from maps of the magnetic anomaly, within a Bayesian framework to properly quantify its uncertainty across the British Isles. We find that uncertainty increases considerably for deeper Curie depths, which demonstrates that generally this method is only reliable in hotter regions, such as Scotland and Northern Ireland.
Andrzej Górszczyk, Stéphane Operto, Laure Schenini, and Yasuhiro Yamada
Solid Earth, 10, 765–784, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-765-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-765-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In order to broaden our knowledge about the deep lithosphere using seismic methods, we develop leading-edge imaging workflows integrating different types of data. Here we exploit the complementary information carried by seismic wavefields, which are fundamentally different in terms of acquisition setting. We cast this information into our processing workflow and build a detailed model of the subduction zone, which is subject to further geological interpretation.
Miłosz Mężyk, Michał Malinowski, and Stanisław Mazur
Solid Earth, 10, 683–696, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-683-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-683-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The Precambrian East European Craton is one of the most important building blocks of the European plate. Unlike in Scandinavia, its crystalline crust in Poland is concealed beneath younger sediments. Reprocessing of ca. 950 km regional reflection seismic profiles acquired during shale gas exploration in NE Poland revealed reflectivity patterns interpreted as signs of Svekofennian orogeny, proving a similar mechanism of Paleoproterozoic crustal formation across the Baltic Sea.
Anke Dannowski, Heidrun Kopp, Frauke Klingelhoefer, Dirk Klaeschen, Marc-André Gutscher, Anne Krabbenhoeft, David Dellong, Marzia Rovere, David Graindorge, Cord Papenberg, and Ingo Klaucke
Solid Earth, 10, 447–462, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-447-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-447-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The nature of the Ionian Sea crust has been the subject of scientific debate for more than 30 years. Seismic data, recorded on ocean bottom instruments, have been analysed and support the interpretation of the Ionian Abyssal Plain as a remnant of the Tethys oceanic lithosphere with the Malta Escarpment as a transform margin and a Tethys opening in the NNW–SSE direction.
Martin Staněk and Yves Géraud
Solid Earth, 10, 251–274, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-251-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-251-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Granite is suitable to host geothermal wells or disposals of hazardous waste and in these cases the rock porosity and permeability are critical. Our detailed porosity and permeability data on variously deformed Lipnice granite yield a span of 5 orders of magnitude in permeability between the least and the most deformed facies. To facilitate the estimation of porosity and permeability in similar settings, we provide optical and chemical data on the characteristic minerals of each facies.
David Marti, Ignacio Marzan, Jana Sachsenhausen, Joaquina Alvarez-Marrón, Mario Ruiz, Montse Torne, Manuela Mendes, and Ramon Carbonell
Solid Earth, 10, 177–192, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-177-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-177-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A detailed knowledge of the very shallow subsurface has become of crucial interest for modern society, especially if it hosts critical surface infrastructures such as temporary waste storage sites. The use of indirect methods to characterize the internal structure of the subsurface has been successfully applied, based on the 3-D distribution of seismic velocities and well-log data, which are of great interest for civil engineering companies.
Alessandro Lechmann, David Mair, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Antonio Ereditato, Ryuichi Nishiyama, Ciro Pistillo, Paola Scampoli, Fritz Schlunegger, and Mykhailo Vladymyrov
Solid Earth, 9, 1517–1533, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1517-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1517-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Muon tomography is a technology, similar to X-ray tomography, to image the interior of an object, including geologically interesting ones. In this work, we examined the influence of rock composition on the physical measurements, and the possible error that is made by assuming a too-simplistic rock model. We performed numerical simulations for a more realistic rock model and found that beyond 300 m of rock, the composition starts to play a significant role and has to be accounted for.
Alireza Malehmir, Bo Bergman, Benjamin Andersson, Robert Sturk, and Mattis Johansson
Solid Earth, 9, 1469–1485, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1469-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-1469-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Interest and demand for green-type energy usage and storage are growing worldwide. Among several, thermal energy storage that stores energy (excess heat or cold) in fluids is particularly interesting. For an upscaling purpose, three seismic profiles were acquired within the Tornquist suture zone in the southwest of Sweden and historical crustal-scale offshore BABEL lines revisited. A number of dykes have been imaged and implications for the storage and tectonic setting within the zone discussed.
Cited articles
Agostinetti, N. P. and Bodin, T.:
Flexible Coupling in Joint Inversions: A Bayesian Structure Decoupling Algorithm, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 123, 8798–8826, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016079, 2018.
Anderson, C. G. and Logan, K. J.:
The history and current status of geophysical exploration at the Osborne Cu & Au deposit, Mt. Isa, Explor. Geophys., 23, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.1071/EG992001, 1992.
Astic, T. and Oldenburg, D. W.:
A framework for petrophysically and geologically guided geophysical inversion using a dynamic Gaussian mixture model prior, Geophys. J. Int., 219, 1989–2012, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz389, 2019.
Austin, J. and Blenkinsop, T.:
The Cloncurry Lineament: Geophysical and geological evidence for a deep crustal structure in the Eastern Succession of the Mount Isa Inlier, Precambrian Res., 163, 50–68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.08.012, 2008.
Austin, J. R., Schmidt, P. W., and Foss, C. A.:
Magnetic modeling of iron oxide copper-gold mineralization constrained by 3D multiscale integration of petrophysical and geochemical data: Cloncurry District, Australia, Interpretation, 1, T63–T84, https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2013-0005.1, 2013.
Bhattacharyya, B. K.:
Magnetic anomalies due to prism-shaped bodies with arbitrary polarization, GEOPHYSICS, 29, 517–531, 1964.
Bijani, R., Lelièvre, P. G., Ponte-Neto, C. F., and Farquharson, C. G.:
Physical-property-, lithology- and surface-geometry-based joint inversion using Pareto Multi-Objective Global Optimization, Geophys. J. Int., 209, 730–748, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx046, 2017.
Blenkinsop, T.:
Mount Isa inlier, Precambrian Res., 163, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2007.08.009, 2008.
Bodin, T. and Sambridge, M.: Seismic tomography with the reversible jump algorithm, Geophys. J. Int., 178, 1411–1436, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X, 2009.
Boyd, S.:
Distributed Optimization and Statistical Learning via the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers, Foundations and Trends® in Machine Learning, 3, 1–122, https://doi.org/10.1561/2200000016, 2010.
Calcagno, P., Chilès, J. P., Courrioux, G., and Guillen, A.:
Geological modelling from field data and geological knowledge. Part I. Modelling method coupling 3D potential-field interpolation and geological rules, Phys. Earth Planet. In., 171, 147–157, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.06.013, 2008.
Caldwell, T. G., Bibby, H. M., and Brown, C.: The magnetotelluric phase tensor. Geophysical Journal International, 58, 457–469. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X, 2004.
Case, G., Blenkinsop, T., Chang, Z., Huizenga, J. M., Lilly, R., and McLellan, J.:
Delineating the structural controls on the genesis of iron oxide–Cu–Au deposits through implicit modelling: a case study from the E1 Group, Cloncurry District, Australia, Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ., 453, 349–384, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP453.4, 2018.
Chave, A. D., Jones, A. G., Mackie, R., and Rodi, W.:
The Magnetotelluric Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139020138, 2012.
Clark, D. A.:
Magnetic effects of hydrothermal alteration in porphyry copper and iron-oxide copper–gold systems: A review, Tectonophysics, 624–625, 46–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2013.12.011, 2014.
Conway, D., Simpson, J., Didana, Y., Rugari, J., and Heinson, G.:
Probabilistic Magnetotelluric Inversion with Adaptive Regularisation Using the No-U-Turns Sampler, Pure Appl. Geophys., 175, 2881–2894, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-1870-5, 2018.
Èuma, M. and Zhdanov, M. S.:
Massively parallel regularized 3D inversion of potential fields on CPUs and GPUs, Comput. Geosci., 62, 80–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2013.10.004, 2014.
Èuma, M., Wilson, G. A., and Zhdanov, M. S.:
Large-scale 3D inversion of potential field data, Geophys. Prospect., 60, 1186–1199, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2478.2011.01052.x, 2012.
Dentith, M. and Mudge, S. T.:
Geophysics for the mineral exploration geologist, 438 pp., https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-014-0557-9, 2014.
Dentith, M., Enkin, R. J., Morris, W., Adams, C., and Bourne, B.:
Petrophysics and mineral exploration: a workflow for data analysis and a new interpretation framework, Geophys. Prospect., 68, 178–199, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12882, 2020.
Dhnaram, C. and Greenwood, M.:
3D mineral potential of the Quamby area, 2013.
Egbert, G. D. and Kelbert, A.:
Computational recipes for electromagnetic inverse problems, Geophys. J. Int., 189, 251–267, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05347.x, 2012.
Evans, R. L., Chave, A. D., Jones, A. G., Mackie, R., and Rodi, W.:
Conductivity of Earth materials, in: The Magnetotelluric Method, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 50–95, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139020138.004, 2012.
Farquharson, C. G. and Oldenburg, D. W.:
A comparison of automatic techniques for estimating the regularization parameter in non-linear inverse problems, Geophys. J. Int., 156, 411–425, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02190.x, 2004.
Gallardo, L. A. and Meju, M. A.:
Characterization of heterogeneous near-surface materials by joint 2D inversion of dc resistivity and seismic data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1658, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017370, 2003.
Gallardo, L. A., Fontes, S. L., Meju, M. A., Buonora, M. P., and de Lugao, P. P.:
Robust geophysical integration through structure-coupled joint inversion and multispectral fusion of seismic reflection, magnetotelluric, magnetic, and gravity images: Example from Santos Basin, offshore Brazil, GEOPHYSICS, 77, B237–B251, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0394.1, 2012.
Giraud, J. and Seillé, H.:
Datasets for the integration of MT data with magnetic inversion: proof-of-concept using synthetic data and field application, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6340159, 2022.
Giraud, J., Pakyuz-Charrier, E., Jessell, M., Lindsay, M., Martin, R., and Ogarko, V.:
Uncertainty reduction through geologically conditioned petrophysical constraints in joint inversion, GEOPHYSICS, 82, ID19–ID34, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2016-0615.1, 2017.
Giraud, J., Lindsay, M., Ogarko, V., Jessell, M., Martin, R., and Pakyuz-Charrier, E.:
Integration of geoscientific uncertainty into geophysical inversion by means of local gradient regularization, Solid Earth, 10, 193–210, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-193-2019, 2019a.
Giraud, J., Ogarko, V., Lindsay, M., Pakyuz-Charrier, E., Jessell, M., and Martin, R.:
Sensitivity of constrained joint inversions to geological and petrophysical input data uncertainties with posterior geological analysis, Geophys. J. Int., 218, 666–688, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz152, 2019b.
Giraud, J., Lindsay, M., and Jessell, M.:
Generalization of level-set inversion to an arbitrary number of geologic units in a regularized least-squares framework, GEOPHYSICS, 86, R623–R637, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0263.1, 2021a.
Giraud, J., Ogarko, V., Martin, R., Jessell, M., and Lindsay, M.:
Structural, petrophysical, and geological constraints in potential field inversion using the Tomofast-x v1.0 open-source code, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 6681–6709, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-6681-2021, 2021b.
Giraud, J., Seillé, H., Visser, G., Ogarko, V., Lindsay, M., and Jessell, M.:
Utilisation of stochastic MT inversion results to constrain gravity inversion, in: 82nd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition, 1–5, https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202113105, 2021c.
Grose, L., Ailleres, L., Laurent, G., and Jessell, M.:
LoopStructural 1.0: time-aware geological modelling, Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 3915–3937, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-3915-2021, 2021.
Guillen, A., Calcagno, P., Courrioux, G., Joly, A., and Ledru, P.:
Geological modelling from field data and geological knowledge. Part II. Modelling validation using gravity and magnetic data inversion, Phys. Earth Planet. In., 171, 158–169, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pepi.2008.06.014, 2008.
Haber, E. and Oldenburg, D.:
Joint inversion: a structural approach, Inverse Probl., 13, 63–77, https://doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/13/1/006, 1997.
Hansen, P. C. and Johnston, P. R.:
The L-Curve and its Use in the Numerical Treatment of Inverse Problems, in: Computational Inverse Problems in Electrocardiography, edited by: Johnson, P., 119–142, 2001.
Heincke, B., Jegen, M., Moorkamp, M., Hobbs, R. W., and Chen, J.:
An adaptive coupling strategy for joint inversions that use petrophysical information as constraints, J. Appl. Geophys., 136, 279–297, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2016.10.028, 2017.
Jaccard, P.:
Étude comparative de la distribution florale dans une portion des Alpes et du Jura, Bull. la Société Vaudoise des Sci. Nat., 37, 547–579, https://doi.org/10.5169/seals-266450, 1901.
Kelbert, A., Meqbel, N., Egbert, G. D., and Tandon, K.:
ModEM: A modular system for inversion of electromagnetic geophysical data, Comput. Geosci., 66, 40–53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.01.010, 2014.
Lajaunie, C., Courrioux, G., and Manuel, L.:
Foliation fields and 3D cartography .in geology: Principles of a method based on potential interpolation, Math. Geol., 29, 571–584, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02775087, 1997.
Lampinen, H., Occhipinti, S., Lindsay, M., and Laukamp, C.:
Magnetic susceptibility of Edmund Basin, Capricorn Orogen, WA, ASEG Ext. Abstr., 2016, 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1071/aseg2016ab254, 2016.
Le, C. V. A., Harris, B. D., Pethick, A. M., Takam Takougang, E. M., and Howe, B.:
Semiautomatic and Automatic Cooperative Inversion of Seismic and Magnetotelluric Data, Surv. Geophys., 37, 845–896, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-016-9377-z, 2016.
Le Pape, F., Jones, A. G., Jessell, M. W., Perrouty, S., Gallardo, L. A., Baratoux, L., Hogg, C., Siebenaller, L., Touré, A., Ouiya, P., and Boren, G.:
Crustal structure of southern Burkina Faso inferred from magnetotelluric, gravity and magnetic data, Precambrian Res., 300, 261–272, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.08.013, 2017.
Lelièvre, P., Farquharson, C., and Hurich, C.:
Joint inversion of seismic traveltimes and gravity data on unstructured grids with application to mineral exploration, GEOPHYSICS, 77, K1–K15, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2011-0154.1, 2012.
Lelièvre, P. G. and Farquharson, C. G.:
Integrated Imaging for Mineral Exploration, in: Integrated Imaging of the Earth: Theory and Applications, edited by: Moorkamp, M., Lelièvre, P. G., Linde, N. and Khan, A., 137–166, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118929063.ch8, 2016.
Li, Y. and Oldenburg, D. W.:
Fast inversion of large-scale magnetic data using wavelet transforms, Geophys. J. Int., 152, 251–265, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X.2003.01766.x, 2003.
Lines, L. R., Schultz, A. K., and Treitel, S.:
Cooperative inversion of geophysical data, GEOPHYSICS, 53, 8–20, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442403, 1988.
Malinverno, A.: Parsimonious Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo inversion in a nonlineargeophysical problem, Geophys. J. Int., 151, 675–688, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246X, 2002.
Manassero, M. C., Afonso, J. C., Zyserman, F., Zlotnik, S., and Fomin, I.:
A reduced order approach for probabilistic inversions of 3-D magnetotelluric data I: general formulation, Geophys. J. Int., 223, 1837–1863, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa415, 2020.
Martin, R., Monteiller, V., Komatitsch, D., Perrouty, S., Jessell, M., Bonvalot, S., and Lindsay, M. D.:
Gravity inversion using wavelet-based compression on parallel hybrid CPU/GPU systems: application to southwest Ghana, Geophys. J. Int., 195, 1594–1619, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt334, 2013.
Martin, R., Giraud, J., Ogarko, V., Chevrot, S., Beller, S., Gégout, P., and Jessell, M.:
Three-dimensional gravity anomaly inversion in the Pyrenees using compressional seismic velocity model as structural similarity constraints, Geophys. J. Int., 225, 1063–1085, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa414, 2020.
Martin, R., Giraud, J., Ogarko, V., Chevrot, S., Beller, S., Gégout, P., and Jessell, M.:
Three-dimensional gravity anomaly data inversion in the Pyrenees using compressional seismic velocity model as structural similarity constraints, Geophys. J. Int., 225, 1063–1085, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa414, 2021.
Moorkamp, M.:
Integrating Electromagnetic Data with Other Geophysical Observations for Enhanced Imaging of the Earth: A Tutorial and Review, Surv. Geophys., 1–28, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-017-9413-7, 2017.
Moorkamp, M.:
Joint inversion of gravity and magnetotelluric data from the Ernest-Henry IOCG deposit with a variation of information constraint, in: First International Meeting for Applied Geoscience & Energy Expanded Abstracts, 1711–1715, https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2021-3582000.1, 2021.
Moorkamp, M., Heincke, B., Jegen, M., Hobbs, R. W., and Roberts, A. W.:
Joint Inversion in Hydrocarbon Exploration, in: Integrated Imaging of the Earth: Theory and Applications, 167–189, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118929063.ch9, 2016.
Ogarko, V., Giraud, J., Martin, R., and Jessell, M.:
Disjoint interval bound constraints using the alternating direction method of multipliers for geologically constrained inversion: Application to gravity data, GEOPHYSICS, 86, G1–G11, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2019-0633.1, 2021a.
Ogarko, V., Giraud, J., and Martin, R.:
Tomofast-x v1.0 source code, Zenodo [code], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4454220, 2021b.
Oliver-Ocaño, F. M., Gallardo, L. A., Romo-Jones, J. M., and Pérez-Flores, M. A.:
Structure of the Cerro Prieto Pull-apart basin from joint inversion of gravity, magnetic and magnetotelluric data, J. Appl. Geophys., 170, 103835, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.103835, 2019.
Paige, C. C. and Saunders, M. A.:
LSQR: An Algorithm for Sparse Linear Equations and Sparse Least Squares, ACM T. Math. Software, 8, 43–71, https://doi.org/10.1145/355984.355989, 1982.
Pakyuz-Charrier, E., Lindsay, M., Ogarko, V., Giraud, J., and Jessell, M.:
Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainty estimation on structural data in implicit 3-D geological modeling, a guide for disturbance distribution selection and parameterization, Solid Earth, 9, 385–402, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-9-385-2018, 2018.
Pakyuz-Charrier, E., Jessell, M., Giraud, J., Lindsay, M., and Ogarko, V.:
Topological analysis in Monte Carlo simulation for uncertainty propagation, Solid Earth, 10, 1663–1684, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-10-1663-2019, 2019.
Pakyuz-Charrier, E. I. G.:
Mansfield (Victoria, Australia) area original GeoModeller model and relevant MCUE outputs, Zenodo [data set], https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.848225, 2018.
Peng, M., Tan, H., and Moorkamp, M.:
Structure-Coupled 3-D Imaging of Magnetotelluric and Wide-Angle Seismic Reflection/Refraction Data With Interfaces, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 124, 10309–10330, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JB018194, 2019.
Portniaguine, O. and Zhdanov, M. S.:
3-D magnetic inversion with data compression and image focusing, GEOPHYSICS, 67, 1532–1541, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1512749, 2002.
Ren, Z. and Kalscheuer, T.:
Uncertainty and Resolution Analysis of 2D and 3D Inversion Models Computed from Geophysical Electromagnetic Data, Surv. Geophys., 41, 47–112, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-019-09567-3, 2019.
Rodi, W. L., Mackie, R. L., Chave, A. D., Jones, A. G., Mackie, R., and Rodi, W.:
The inverse problem, in: The Magnetotelluric Method, edited by: Chave, A. D. and Jones, A. G., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 347–420, https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139020138.010, 2012.
Sambridge, M., Gallagher, K., Jackson, A., and Rickwood, P.: Trans-dimensional inverse problems,model comparison and the evidence, Geophys. J. Int., 167, 528–542, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X, 2006.
Scalzo, R., Kohn, D., Olierook, H., Houseman, G., Chandra, R., Girolami, M., and Cripps, S.:
Efficiency and robustness in Monte Carlo sampling for 3-D geophysical inversions with Obsidian v0.1.2: setting up for success, Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 2941–2960, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-2941-2019, 2019.
Schweizer, D., Blum, P., and Butscher, C.:
Uncertainty assessment in 3-D geological models of increasing complexity, Solid Earth, 8, 515–530, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-515-2017, 2017.
Seillé, H. and Visser, G.:
Bayesian inversion of magnetotelluric data considering dimensionality discrepancies, Geophys. J. Int., 223, 1565–1583, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa391, 2020.
Seillé, H., Visser, G., Markov, J., and Simpson, J.:
Probabilistic Cover-Basement Interface Map in Cloncurry, Australia, Using Magnetotelluric Soundings, J. Geophys. Res.-Sol. Ea., 126, e2021JB021883, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB021883, 2021.
Shannon, C. E. E.:
A Mathematical Theory of Communication, Bell Syst. Tech. J., 27, 379–423, https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x, 1948.
Sun, J. and Li, Y.:
Multidomain petrophysically constrained inversion and geology differentiation using guided fuzzy c-means clustering, Geophysics, 80, ID1–ID18, https://doi.org/10.1190/geo2014-0049.1, 2015.
Tarantola, A.: Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9780898717921, 2005.
Tikhonov, A. N. and Arsenin, V. Y.:
Solution of Ill-Posed Problems, Math. Comput., 32, 491, https://doi.org/10.2307/2006360, 1978.
Tveit, S., Mannseth, T., Park, J., Sauvin, G., and Agersborg, R.:
Combining CSEM or gravity inversion with seismic AVO inversion, with application to monitoring of large-scale CO2 injection, Comput. Geosci., 24, 1201–1220, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-020-09934-9, 2020.
Visser, G.:
Smart stitching: adding lateral priors to ensemble inversions as a post-processing step, ASEG Ext. Abstr., 2019, 1–4, https://doi.org/10.1080/22020586.2019.12073075, 2019.
Visser, G. and Markov, J.:
Cover thickness uncertainty mapping using Bayesian estimate fusion: leveraging domain knowledge, Geophys. J. Int., 219, 1474–1490, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz358, 2019.
Wellmann, F. and Caumon, G.:
3-D Structural geological models: Concepts, methods, and uncertainties, edited by: Schmelzback, C., Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1–121, https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agph.2018.09.001, 2018.
Wellmann, J. F. and Regenauer-Lieb, K.:
Uncertainties have a meaning: Information entropy as a quality measure for 3-D geological models, Tectonophysics, 526–529, 207–216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2011.05.001, 2012.
Xiang, E., Guo, R., Dosso, S. E., Liu, J., Dong, H., and Ren, Z.: Efficient hierarchical trans-dimensionalBayesian inversion of magnetotelluric data, Geophys. J. Int., 213, 1751–1767, 2018.
Zhang, R., Li, T., Deng, X., Huang, X., and Pak, Y.:
Two-dimensional data-space joint inversion of magnetotelluric, gravity, magnetic and seismic data with cross-gradient constraints, Geophys. Prospect., 68, 721–731, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2478.12858, 2020.
Short summary
We propose and apply a workflow to combine the modelling and interpretation of magnetic anomalies and resistivity anomalies to better image the basement. We test the method on a synthetic case study and apply it to real world data from the Cloncurry area (Queensland, Australia), which is prospective for economic minerals. Results suggest a new interpretation of the composition and structure towards to east of the profile that we modelled.
We propose and apply a workflow to combine the modelling and interpretation of magnetic...
